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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-1020</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности разных видов заместительной почечной терапии в аспекте отдаленных результатов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of efficiency of different kinds of renal replacement therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрусев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrusev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикбов</surname><given-names>Б. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikbov</surname><given-names>B. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томилина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomilina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>НИИ трансплантологии и искусственных органов Росмедтехнологий, Городская клиническая больница № 52, Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андрусев А.М., Ким И.Г., Бикбов Б.Т., Томилина Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андрусев А.М., Ким И.Г., Бикбов Б.Т., Томилина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andrusev A.M., Kim I.G., Bikbov B.T., Tomilina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1020">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1020</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью настоящего исследования явилось сравнение эффективности долговременного программного гемодиализа, перитонеального диализа и трансплантации почки у больных с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью (ТХПН). В ретроспективный анализ было включено 2986 больных, из которых 1817 пациентам была выполнена первичная трансплантация почки, 646 больных получали лечение программным гемодиализом (ГД) и 523 - перитонеальный диализ (ПД). Анализ эффективности разных видов диализной терапии в целом не выявил различий в отдаленных результатах лечения. 5-летняя выживаемость ПД- и ГД-больных оказалась в сопоставимой и составила 44 и 54% соответственно, р = 0,19. Факторами, более всего влияющими на исход диализной терапии, были возраст пациентов и наличие сахарного диабета. Выживаемость больных моложе 50 лет была достоверно выше, чем у пациентов старшей возрастной группы и составила через 5 лет от начала лечения в условиях ПД 58 и 25% соответственно, и 63 и 28% у ГД-больных. Выживаемость больных с недиабетическими заболеваниями почек также не различалась при обоих видах диализа и была достоверно выше, чем у больных с СД (ГД - р &lt; 0,0001; ПД - р = 0,0029). При сравнении отдаленных результатов ТП с ПД- и ГД-лечением выяснилось, что выживаемость реципиентов почечного трансплантата во все сроки наблюдения была достоверно выше, чем у больных, получавших заместительную терапию диализом, и через 5 лет составила 83% против 44% у ПД- и 54% - у ГД-больных, (р &lt; 0,0001). Как и в группе диализных больных, прогностически неблагоприятным фактором был возраст пациентов на момент операции. Пятилетняя выживаемость реципиентов почечного трансплантата в группе больных моложе 50 лет составила 85%, в то время как у реципиентов старшей возрастной группы этот показатель снижался до 73% (p &lt; 0,01). Выживаемость при ТП в обеих возрастных группах оказались достоверно выше, чем у диализных больных в эти же сроки (p &lt; 0,0001). Значение сахарного диабета для отдаленного результата у реципиентов почечного трансплантата, в отличие от диализных больных, выявить не удалось. Пятилетняя выживаемость реципиентов в подгруппе диабетиков и больных с недиабетическими заболеваниями почек составила соответственно, 79 и 83%, p &lt; 0,55. Вместе с тем, именно в подгруппе больных сахарным диабетом выживаемость через 5 лет после операции оказалась более чем на 50% выше, чем выживаемость в эти же сроки в подгруппах ГД- и ПД-больных. Таким образом, представленные данные еще убедительнее демонстрируют преимущества трансплантации почки при лечении терминальной ХПН в целом и при диабетическом нефросклерозе, в частности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of different kinds of RRT: kidney transplantation (KT), hemodialysis (HD) and CAPD. Retrospective analysis was performed in 2986 patients: 1817 KT recipients, 646 HD patients and 523 CAPD patients. No significant difference was found in the 5-year survival rate between the HD and CAPD patients (44 and 54% respectively, р = 0,19). Age of dialysis patients strongly correlated with the 5-year survival rate. In patients under 50 and older than 50 it was 58 and 25%, respectively, in the CAPD patients and 63 and 28%, respectively, in the HD group. Dialysis patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly worse outcome then non-diabetic patients (р = 0,0029 in CAPD and р &lt; 0,0001 in hemodialysis patients). Age and diabetes mellitus are the risk factors of death in both the renal transplant and the dialysis patients. The late results of KT were significantly better then in dialysis patients in all periods of study. The 5-year survival rate was 83% in KT recipients, 44% in CAPD patients and 54% in HD patients (р &lt; 0,0001).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терминальная ХПН</kwd><kwd>заместительная почечная терапия</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>ПАПД</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Томилина Н.А., Волгина Г.В., Бикбов Б.Т., Ким И.Г. Проблема сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при хронической почечной недостаточности. Нефрология и диализ, 2003. Т. 5. № 1. С. 15-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Томилина Н.А., Волгина Г.В., Бикбов Б.Т., Ким И.Г. Проблема сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при хронической почечной недостаточности. Нефрология и диализ, 2003. Т. 5. № 1. 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