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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2023-1-76-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-103</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идиопатическая инфантильная гиперкальциемия, тип 1: клинико-генетическaя характеристика российской когорты детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia, type 1: clinical and genetic features of russian cohort of patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папиж</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Papizh</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">papijsveta@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумихина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumikhina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">marina.shumikhina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюльпаков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tiulpakov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">anatolytiulpakov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приходина</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prikhodina</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">prikhodina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский Национальный Исследовательский Медицинский Университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ города Москвы Детская городская клиническая больница имени Н.Ф. Филатова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Filatov Children City Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»; ФГБУ "Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии" МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics; National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский Национальный Исследовательский Медицинский Университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ; ФГОУ ДПО Российская Медицинская Академия Непрерывного профессионального образования МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Russian Academy of Medical Continuous Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Папиж С.В., Шумихина М.В., Тюльпаков А.Н., Приходина Л.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Папиж С.В., Шумихина М.В., Тюльпаков А.Н., Приходина Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Papizh S.V., Shumikhina M.V., Tiulpakov A.N., Prikhodina L.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/103">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/103</self-uri><abstract><p>Идиопатическая инфантильная гиперкальциемия, тип 1 (ИИГ1) - редкое аутосомно-рецессивное заболевание, характеризующееся нарушением катаболизма активных форм витамина Д вследствие мутаций в гене CYP24A1 с развитием гиперкальциемии, вторичным снижением уровня паратгормона (ПТГ), гиперкальциурии, медуллярного нефрокальциноза и/или уролитиаза. Цель: определить клинические и молекулярно-генетические характеристики ИИГ1 у российской когорты детей с выявлением фенотипических особенностей течения заболевания в зависимости от возраста пациентов и потенциальных генотип-фенотипических ассоциаций. Mатериалы и методы: проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезни и амбулаторных карт 20 детей (11 девочек и 9 мальчиков) в возрасте 13 [10,0; 58,5] месяцев с генетически подтвержденной ИИГ1. Всем детям был проведен молекулярно-генетический анализ по технологии секвенирования нового поколения - полное секвенирование экзома (n=7), клиническое секвенирование экзома с исследованием мутаций в 22 генах, ассоциированных с рахитоподобными заболеваниями (n=11) и методом прямого автоматического секвенирования по Сэнгеру гена CYP24A1 (n=2). Для выявления возрастных особенностей течения ИИГ1 пациенты были разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от возраста на момент первичного обследования до постановки диагноза: 1-я группа - дети &lt;24 месяцев (n=12), 2-я группа - дети ≥24 месяцев (n=8). Результаты: наиболее частыми клинико-лабораторными проявлениями ИИГ1 у детей являлись медуллярный нефрокальциноз (100%) и снижение уровня ПТГ в крови (90%). Гиперкальциемия выявлена у 75% детей, гиперкальциурия - у 60% пациентов, уролитиаз у 20% детей с ИИГ1. Молекулярно-генетические исследования установили наиболее распространенные CYP24A1 патогенные варианты: p.Arg396Trp (55%) и p.Glu143del (40%). Было выявлено 4 ранее не описанных CYP24A1 варианта с неизвестным клиническим значением: p.Gly78Val, p.Arg396Gln, p.Met99Thr, p.Gln471Sfs*21. У пациентов, обследованных до возраста 24 месяцев, по сравнению со старшей возрастной группой установлено повышение уровня ионизированного и общего кальция крови: 1,39 [1,35; 1,56] ммоль/л против 1,31 [1,24; 1,34] ммоль/л (р=0,013) и 2,9 [2,71; 3,74] ммоль/л против 2,45 [2,36; 2,52] ммоль/л (р=0,001), соответственно и снижение уровня ПТГ: 7,9 [3; 12,7] пг/мл против 14,6 [8,25; 15,85] пг/мл (р=0,038). Заключение: впервые установлены клинико-лабораторные и молекулярные характеристики ИИГ1 у российских детей. Повышение осведомленности о фенотипических особенностях течения ИИГ1 способствует увеличению клинической настороженности врачей в отношении данного заболевания у пациентов с нефрокальцинозом/уролитиазом, гиперкальциемией или гиперкальциурией. Молекулярно-генетические исследования, направленные на идентификацию мутаций в гене CYP24A1 позволяют проводить раннюю диагностику заболевания с последующей минимизацией потребления витамина Д для предотвращения последствий токсичности, и рекомендациями по питанию и образу жизни пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia, type 1 (IIH1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypercalcemia, low parathyroid hormone (PTH) serum level, hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis (NC), and/or urolithiasis. IIH1 caused by mutations in the CYP24A1 gene that encodes a key enzyme responsible for the catabolism of active vitamin D. Aim: to evaluate clinical features and molecular characteristics of IIH1 in Russian children and search for phenotype features of the disease in children with their age and potential genotype-phenotypic associations. Materials and methods: we conducted a retrospective two-center longitudinal study of 20 children (9M/11F) with genetically confirmed IIH1. The median age of patients at the beginning of follow-up was 13 [10.0; 58.5] months. Genetic analysis was performed in all children using by next generation sequencing technology - complete exome sequencing (n=7), clinical exome sequencing with the study of mutations in 22 genes associated with rickets-like diseases (n=11), and direct automatic sequencing of the CYP24A1 gene (n=2). To identify age-related features of IIH1, patients were divided into 2 groups depending on their age at the time of the initial examination before diagnosis: group 1 included children &lt;24 months (n=12), and group 2 - children ≥24 months (n=8). Results: the most prevalent features of IIH1 were medullary NC (100%) and low PTH serum level (90%). Hypercalcemia was found in 75% of children, hypercalciuria in 60% of patients, and urolithiasis in 20% of the children. According to the results of a molecular genetic study, the most common CYP24A1 variants were p.Arg396Trp (55%) and p.Glu143del (40%). Also 4 novel CYP24A1 variants were identified: p.Gly78Val, p.Arg396Gln, p.Met99Thr, p.Gln471SerfsTer21. In patients examined up to 24 months, serum levels of calcium (Ca2+ and total) were higher: 1.39 [1.35; 1.56] mmol/l vs. 1.31 [1.24; 1.34] mmol/l (p=0.013) and 2.9 [2.71; 3.74] mmol/l vs. 2.45 [2.36; 2.52] mmol/l (p=0.001), respectively, and serum level of PTH was lower: 7.9 [3.0; 12.7] pg/ml vs. 14.6 [8.25; 15.85] pg/ml (p=0.038) than in older children. Conclusion: a greater awareness of IIH1 phenotypes will increase clinical suspicion in patients presenting with NC or hypercalcemia. Testing for mutations in the CYP24A1 gene can establish a definitive diagnosis and clinical management by minimizing vitamin D intake to prevent the effects of vitamin D toxicity and dietary and lifestyle advice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идиопатическая инфантильная гиперкальциемия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>нефрокальциноз</kwd><kwd>паратгормон</kwd><kwd>витамин Д</kwd><kwd>idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>nephrocalcinosis</kwd><kwd>parathyroid hormone</kwd><kwd>vitamin D</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lightwood R., Stapleton T. Idiopathic hypercalcaemia in infants. Lancet. 1953. 1; 265(6779):255-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(53)90187-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lightwood R., Stapleton T. Idiopathic hypercalcaemia in infants. 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