<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2023-2-303-312</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА НЕФРОЛОГА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинический случай тяжелой ветряной оспы с летальным исходом у пациента с трансплантированной почкой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A case of fatal severe chickenpox in a patient with a kidney transplant</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nadia.frolova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайфуллин</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayfullin</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ppsaifullin@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артюхина</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artukhina</surname><given-names>L. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">arlyu-1404@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маймасов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maymasov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">igor0358@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калугин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalugin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Bap9ir68@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исхаков</surname><given-names>Р. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishakov</surname><given-names>R. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Stamius@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буханцова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhantsova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Bes-9852@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсюков</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evsyukov</surname><given-names>O. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">evs-ol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital No.52; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital No.52; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital No.52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>312</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролова Н.Ф., Сайфуллин Р.Ф., Артюхина Л.Ю., Маймасов И.Г., Калугин Е.А., Исхаков Р.Т., Буханцова Е.С., Евсюков О.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролова Н.Ф., Сайфуллин Р.Ф., Артюхина Л.Ю., Маймасов И.Г., Калугин Е.А., Исхаков Р.Т., Буханцова Е.С., Евсюков О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolova N.F., Sayfullin R.F., Artukhina L.Y., Maymasov I.G., Kalugin E.A., Ishakov R.T., Bukhantsova E.S., Evsyukov O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/117">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/117</self-uri><abstract><p>Инфекция, вызванная вирусом Varicella zoster (VZV), представляет собой значительную проблему для иммунокомпрометированных лиц, например пациентов, получающих иммуносупрессивную терапию, ВИЧ-инфицированных, пациентов с иммунодефицитом. Наиболее часто VZV-инфекция у данной группы пациентов протекает как реактивация хронической инфекции, в виде проявлений опоясывающего герпеса с возможным генерализованным течением. Однако возможно и первичное инфицирование с развитием ветряной оспы, нередко протекающей тяжело и с развитием осложнений, приводящих к летальному исходу. В статье представлен клинический случай тяжелого течения ветряной оспы, осложненный развитием сепсиса и последующим летальным исходом у взрослого пациента с трансплантированной почкой на фоне иммуносупрессивной терапии. Заболевание протекало нетипично, с четырёхдневным продромальным периодом и дальнейшим стремительным развитием клинической картины с одновременным наличием проявлений типичной, геморрагической и висцеральной форм ветряной оспы. Нетипичным было и распространение сыпи - преимущественно на коже головы, верхних конечностей и верхней части туловища, причем на коже головы элементы были представлены везикулами и пустулами, а начиная от шеи до околопупочной области - в виде везикул с геморрагическим содержимым. Вторичное бактериальное инфицирование элементов сыпи присоединилось на 3-и сутки от появления сыпи с дальнейшим развитием септического состояния. Диагноз был подтвержден ПЦР-исследованием содержимого пустул и отсутствием антител класса IgG к вирусу Varicella zoster. Генерализация вторичной бактериальной инфекции была подтверждена высевом одинаковых возбудителей в содержимом пустул и моче. На фоне проводимой терапии, включавшей применение ацикловира и массивную антибактериальную терапию, состояние пациента продолжало ухудшаться и на 9-е сутки от начала заболевания наступил летальный исход. Данный клинический случай демонстрирует возможные сложности диагностики и ведения ветряной оспы у иммунокомпрометированных пациентов, подчеркивает необходимость разработки и внедрения профилактических мероприятий для данной когорты пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Infection caused by the Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a significant problem for immunocompromised individuals such as patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, patients with immunodeficiency or HIV infection. Most often, VZV infection in this group of patients represents a reactivation of chronic infection, in the form of herpes zoster with a possible generalization. However, primary infection is also possible with the development of chickenpox, which is often severe, and with the development of complications leading to death. The article represents a clinical case of severe chickenpox complicated by the development of sepsis and subsequent death in an adult patient with a kidney transplant on the background of immunosuppressive therapy. The disease proceeded atypically, with a four-day prodromal period and further rapid development of the clinical picture with the simultaneous presence of manifestations of typical, hemorrhagic, and visceral forms of chickenpox. The spread of the rash was also atypical - mainly on the head, upper extremities, and upper trunk. On the scalp and face the elements were represented by vesicles and pustules, and from the neck to the umbilical region - in the form of vesicles with hemorrhagic contents. Secondary bacterial infection of the rash elements was joined on the 3rd day from the appearance of the rash with the further development of the septic condition. The diagnosis was confirmed by PCR of the contents of the pustules and the absence of IgG class antibodies to the Varicella zoster virus. The generalization of secondary bacterial infection was confirmed by seeding the same pathogens in the contents of pustules and urine. Against the background of ongoing therapy, which included the use of acyclovir and massive antibacterial therapy, the patient's condition continued to deteriorate, and on the 9th day from the disease onset, a fatal outcome occurred. This clinical case demonstrates the possible difficulties in the diagnosis and management of chickenpox in immunocompromised patients, and emphasizes the need to develop and implement preventive measures for this cohort of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ветряная оспа</kwd><kwd>Varicella zoster</kwd><kwd>иммунокомпрометированные пациенты</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd><kwd>chickenpox</kwd><kwd>Varicella zoster</kwd><kwd>immunocompromised patients</kwd><kwd>kidney transplant</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Charles C., Ferris A.H. Chronic Kidney Disease. Prim Care. 2020. 47(4):585-595. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2020.08.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charles C., Ferris A.H. Chronic Kidney Disease. Prim Care. 2020. 47(4):585-595. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2020.08.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moal V., Zandotti C., Colson P. Emerging viral diseases in kidney transplant recipients. Rev Med Virol. 2013. 23(1):50-69. doi: 10.1002/rmv.1732</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moal V., Zandotti C., Colson P. Emerging viral diseases in kidney transplant recipients. Rev Med Virol. 2013. 23(1):50-69. doi: 10.1002/rmv.1732</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agrawal A., Ison M.G., Danziger-Isakov L. Long-Term Infectious Complications of Kidney Transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022. 17(2):286-295. doi: 10.2215/CJN.15971020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agrawal A., Ison M.G., Danziger-Isakov L. Long-Term Infectious Complications of Kidney Transplantation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022. 17(2):286-295. doi: 10.2215/CJN.15971020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith S.R., Butterly D.W., Alexander B.D., et al. Viral infections after renal transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001. 37(4):659-76. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(01)80114-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith S.R., Butterly D.W., Alexander B.D., et al. Viral infections after renal transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001. 37(4):659-76. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(01)80114-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pullerits K., Garland S., Rengarajan S., et al. Kidney Transplant-Associated Viral Infection Rates and Outcomes in a Single-Centre Cohort. Viruses. 2022. 14(11):2406. Published 2022 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/v14112406</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pullerits K., Garland S., Rengarajan S., et al. Kidney Transplant-Associated Viral Infection Rates and Outcomes in a Single-Centre Cohort. Viruses. 2022. 14(11):2406. Published 2022 Oct 29. doi:10.3390/v14112406</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tian X., Duan W., Zhang X., et al. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals the Profile of Viral Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2022. 10:888064. Published 2022 Jul 11. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.888064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tian X., Duan W., Zhang X., et al. Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals the Profile of Viral Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health. 2022. 10:888064. Published 2022 Jul 11. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.888064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kotton C.N., Fishman J.A. Viral infection in the renal transplant recipient. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005. 16(6):1758-74. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004121113</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kotton C.N., Fishman J.A. Viral infection in the renal transplant recipient. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005. 16(6):1758-74. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2004121113</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mustapic Z., Basic-Jukic N., Kes P., et al. Varicella zoster infection in renal transplant recipients: prevalence, complications and outcome. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2011. 34(6):382-6. doi: 10.1159/000328730</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mustapic Z., Basic-Jukic N., Kes P., et al. Varicella zoster infection in renal transplant recipients: prevalence, complications and outcome. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2011. 34(6):382-6. doi: 10.1159/000328730</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cukuranovic J., Ugrenovic S., Jovanovic I., et al. Viral infection in renal transplant recipients. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012. 2012:820621. doi: 10.1100/2012/820621.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cukuranovic J., Ugrenovic S., Jovanovic I., et al. Viral infection in renal transplant recipients. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012. 2012:820621. doi: 10.1100/2012/820621.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gershon A.A., Breuer J., Cohen J.I., et al. Varicella zoster virus infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015. 1:15016. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gershon A.A., Breuer J., Cohen J.I., et al. Varicella zoster virus infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015. 1:15016. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alsultan M., Kliea M., Hassan Q., et al. Delayed acyclovir therapy for disseminated varicella zoster in an adult kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023. 85(3):481-485. Published 2023 Mar 2. doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000000231</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alsultan M., Kliea M., Hassan Q., et al. Delayed acyclovir therapy for disseminated varicella zoster in an adult kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023. 85(3):481-485. Published 2023 Mar 2. doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000000231</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rommelaere M., Maréchal C., Yombi J.C., et al. Disseminated varicella zoster virus infection in adult renal transplant recipients: outcome and risk factors. Transplant Proc. 2012. 44(9):2814-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rommelaere M., Maréchal C., Yombi J.C., et al. Disseminated varicella zoster virus infection in adult renal transplant recipients: outcome and risk factors. Transplant Proc. 2012. 44(9):2814-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim S.H., Huh K., Lee K.W., et al. Clinical effectiveness of zoster vaccine live in kidney transplant recipients immunized prior to transplantation: a retrospective single-centre cohort study [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 1]. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2023. S1198-743X(23)00084-8. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.02.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim S.H., Huh K., Lee K.W., et al. Clinical effectiveness of zoster vaccine live in kidney transplant recipients immunized prior to transplantation: a retrospective single-centre cohort study [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 1]. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2023. S1198-743X(23)00084-8. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.02.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scanlon-Kohlroser C.A., Fan P.Y., Primack W., et al. Primary varicella after transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002. 39(6):1310-2. doi: 10.1053/ajkd.2002.33410</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scanlon-Kohlroser C.A., Fan P.Y., Primack W., et al. Primary varicella after transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002. 39(6):1310-2. doi: 10.1053/ajkd.2002.33410</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levin M.J., Weinberg A., Schmid D.S. Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus. Microbiol Spectr. 2016. 4(3). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0017-2015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin M.J., Weinberg A., Schmid D.S. Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus. Microbiol Spectr. 2016. 4(3). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0017-2015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McCollum A.M., Damon I.K. Human monkeypox. Clin Infect Dis. 2014. 58(2):260-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit703. Epub 2013 Oct 24. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jun;58(12):1792. PMID: 24158414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McCollum A.M., Damon I.K. Human monkeypox. Clin Infect Dis. 2014. 58(2):260-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit703. Epub 2013 Oct 24. Erratum in: Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jun;58(12):1792. PMID: 24158414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
