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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2023-2-313-321</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трудности дифференциальной диагностики гранулематозного тубулоинтерстициального нефрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Difficulties in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous interstitial nephritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козловская</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlovskaya</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nkozlovskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыриков</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyrikov</surname><given-names>D. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">pyrikov.danila32@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столяревич</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyarevich</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">stolyarevich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">marinaamica@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондаренко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondarenko</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tatiana.v.bondarenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nickname-anna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»; ГБУЗ г. Москвы «ГКБ им. А.К. Ерамишанцева ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Eramishantsev City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФПДО ФГБУ ФГОУ "Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова"; ГБУЗ "ГКБ №52 ДЗМ"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Moscow City Nephrology Center, Moscow City Hospital №52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry at healthcare of Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «ГКБ им. А.К. Ерамишанцева ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eramishantsev City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>313</fpage><lpage>321</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козловская Н.Л., Пыриков Д.Ю., Столяревич Е.С., Лебедева М.В., Бондаренко Т.В., Беспалова А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козловская Н.Л., Пыриков Д.Ю., Столяревич Е.С., Лебедева М.В., Бондаренко Т.В., Беспалова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozlovskaya N.L., Pyrikov D.U., Stolyarevich E.S., Lebedeva M.V., Bondarenko T.V., Bespalova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/118">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/118</self-uri><abstract><p>Гранулематозный тубулоинтерстициальный нефрит (ГТИН) является наиболее редкой формой острого тубулоинтерстициального нефрита (ОТИН) и, следовательно, может манифестировать острым повреждением почек (ОПП). На долю ГТИН приходится всего 0,5-0,9% случаев в спектре биопсий собственных почек, 0,6% - в биоптатах трансплантата и 6% в нефробиоптатах при интерстициальном нефрите. Выявление этого морфологического варианта ОТИН обязывает лечащего врача проводить дифференциальную диагностику между заболеваниями, характеризующимися развитием гранулематозного воспаления в разных органах, что нередко сопряжено со значительными трудностями. Представленное наблюдение ГТИН у 57-летней пациентки без хронической болезни почек (ХБП) в анамнезе, с впервые выявленным сахарным диабетом 2 типа и развившимся ОПП после старта терапии современными сахароснижающими препаратами из групп ингибиторов натрий-глюкозного котранспортера-2 (иНГЛТ-2) - дапаглифлозином и агониста рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (ГПП-1) - семаглутидом, обследование по поводу которого привело к диагностике саркоидоза с поражением легких, внутригрудных и внутрибрюшных лимфоузлов, иллюстрирует сложности диагностического поиска в подобных случаях. Обнаруженные при морфологическом исследовании биоптата почки гранулемы не имели признаков казеозного некроза и сочетались с диффузной эозинофильной инфильтрацией почечного интерстиция, что еще более затрудняло дифференциальную диагностику между ГТИН лекарственной этиологии и саркоидозным поражением почек. Особенностью заболевания явилось не разрешившееся ОПП после отмены противодиабетических препаратов у пациентки с впервые диагностированным саркоидозом. Это послужило поводом для определения ведущей причины ГТИН при наличии двух вероятных триггеров - лекарственного повреждения почек и системного гранулематозного заболевания. Тщательный анализ клинико-морфологических проявлений заболевания позволили прийти к заключению о сочетанном генезе гранулематозного поражения интерстиция. Обсуждаются особенности течения ГТИН при саркоидозе и при лекарственном поражении почек. Отмечается, что представленное наблюдение является первым описанием ГТИН при использовании комбинации препаратов из групп иНГЛТ-2 и агонистов рецепторов ГПП-1. В связи с одновременным появлением ОПП и признаков саркоидоза обсуждается возможность развития лекарственно-индуцированной саркоидоз-подобной реакции. Сложности в выделении ведущего фактора развития заболевания в данном случае не помешали инициировать патогенетическую терапию системными ГКС с достижением быстрого положительного эффекта: отмечены снижение креатинина крови и положительная клинико-рентгенологическая динамика легочного процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis (GTIN) is the rarest form of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) and, therefore, may present with acute kidney injury (AKI). GTIN accounts for only 0.5-0.9% of cases in the spectrum of native kidney biopsies, 0.6% in graft biopsies, and 6% in nephrobiopsies in interstitial nephritis. Identification of this morphological variant of ATIN obliges the physician to conduct a differential diagnosis between diseases characterized by the development of granulomatous inflammation in different organs, which is often associated with significant difficulties. The presented observation of GTIN in a 57-year-old patient without a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and developed AKI after the start of therapy with modern hypoglycemic drugs from the group of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (iSGLT-2) - dapagliflozin and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) - semaglutide examination which led to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis with lesions of the lungs, intrathoracic and intra-abdominal lymph nodes, illustrates the complexity of the diagnostic search in such cases. The granulomas found during the morphological examination of the kidney biopsy did not have signs of caseous necrosis and were combined with diffused eosinophilic infiltration of the renal interstitium, which made it even more difficult to differentiate between GTIN of drug-induced etiology and sarcoidosis kidney damage. The key feature of the disease was the unresolved AKI after the discontinuation of antidiabetic drugs by the patient, and newly diagnosed sarcoidosis, both of which served as the reason for determining the leading cause of GTIN in the presence of two likely triggers - drug-induced kidney injury and systemic granulomatous disease. A thorough analysis of the clinical and morphological manifestations of the disease led to the conclusion that granulomatous lesions of the interstitium have combined genesis. The features of the course of GTIN in sarcoidosis and drug-induced kidney injury are also discussed. It is noted that the presented observation is the first description of the GTIN case when using a combination of drugs from the iSGLT-2 and GLP-1 RA groups. In connection with the simultaneous appearance of AKI and signs of sarcoidosis, the possibility of developing a drug-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction is discussed. Difficulties in isolating the leading factor in the development of the disease, in this case, did not prevent the initiation of pathogenetic therapy with systemic corticosteroids with the achievement of a rapid effect: a decrease in blood creatinine and a positive clinical and radiological dynamics of the pulmonary process were noted.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекарственный тубулоинтерстициальный нефрит</kwd><kwd>гранулематозный тубулоинтерстициальный нефрит</kwd><kwd>острое повреждение почек</kwd><kwd>иНГЛТТ-2</kwd><kwd>агонисты рецепторов ГПП-1</kwd><kwd>саркоидоз</kwd><kwd>лекарственно-индуцированная саркоидоз-подобная реакция</kwd><kwd>drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis</kwd><kwd>granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis</kwd><kwd>acute kidney injury</kwd><kwd>sarcoidosis</kwd><kwd>iSGLT-2</kwd><kwd>GLP-1 receptor agonist</kwd><kwd>Drug-Induced Sarcoidosis-Like Reactions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah K.K., Pritt B.S., Alexander M.P. 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