<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-1350</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние специфических (антиген-зависимых) и неспецифических (антиген-независимых) факторов на отдаленные результаты трансплантации почки у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа (часть 2)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of specific (antigen-dependent) and non-specific (antigen-independent) factors on long-term results of kidney transplantation in type 1 diabetic recipients (part two)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамаева</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamaeva</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dr.shamaeva@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестакова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томилина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomilina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ГУ Эндокринологический научный центр РАМН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт трансплантологии и искусственных органов, Городская клиническая больница № 52, Московский городской нефрологический центр; г. Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>142</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шамаева Е.Н., Шестакова М.В., Томилина Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шамаева Е.Н., Шестакова М.В., Томилина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamaeva E.N., Shestakova M.V., Tomilina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1350">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1350</self-uri><abstract><p>Трансплантация почки это оптимальное лечение больных сахарным диабетом (СД) с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью (ХПН). Многочисленные данные убедительно демонстрируют преимущество аллотрансплантации почки по сравнению с другими видами заместительной почечной терапии у больных СД 1 типа [1, 3, 11]. В то время как трех- и четырехлетняя выживаемость пациентов в наших наблюдениях равна 88,0 и 86,6% [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit11">11</xref>], соответствующие показатели для этой же категории больных на гемодиализе к 4 годам составляют 29%, на перитонеальном диализе к 3 годам - 43% [1, 3]. На первом месте причин утраты пересаженной почки стоит смерть больных с функционирующим трансплантатом. На втором месте причиной поздней утраты трансплантата является хроническая трансплантационная нефропатия (ХТН) [4, 10, 14, 25, 26, 29, 43]. Возвратное заболевание - рецидив ДН у реципиентов с СД развивается в 100% случаев, но редко становится причиной потери трансплантата [6, 11]. ХТН имеет иммунную, или антиген-зависимую и неиммунную, или антиген-независимую природу (</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>протеинурия</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 1 типа</kwd><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрусев А.М. Отдаленные результаты постоянного амбулаторного перитонеального диализа и факторы, их определяющие: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2005: 167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Андрусев А.М. Отдаленные результаты постоянного амбулаторного перитонеального диализа и факторы, их определяющие: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2005: 167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Багдасарян А.Р., Столяревич Е.С., Ким И.Г., Суханов А.В., Бирюкова Л.С., Ильинский И.М., Томилина Н.А. Влияние эналаприла на скорость прогрессирования хронической трансплантационной нефропатии. Нефрология и диализ 2003; 5; 1: 33-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Багдасарян А.Р., Столяревич Е.С., Ким И.Г., Суханов А.В., Бирюкова Л.С., Ильинский И.М., Томилина Н.А. Влияние эналаприла на скорость прогрессирования хронической трансплантационной нефропатии. Нефрология и диализ 2003; 5; 1: 33-41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбов Б.Т. Анализ выживаемости и факторы риска неблагоприятных исходов у больных на программном гемодиализе: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2004: 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бикбов Б.Т. Анализ выживаемости и факторы риска неблагоприятных исходов у больных на программном гемодиализе: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2004: 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ким И.Г. Отдаленные результаты трансплантации почки и факторы риска хронического отторжения: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 1999: 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ким И.Г. Отдаленные результаты трансплантации почки и факторы риска хронического отторжения: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 1999: 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Котенко О.Н., Багдасарян А.Р. К вопросу о гипотензивной терапии после аллотрансплантации почки: эффективность фелодипина. Нефрология и диализ 1999; 2- 3; T.1: 150-155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Котенко О.Н., Багдасарян А.Р. К вопросу о гипотензивной терапии после аллотрансплантации почки: эффективность фелодипина. Нефрология и диализ 1999; 2- 3; T.1: 150-155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руководство по трансплантации почки. Под ред. Данович Г.М. Пер. с англ. под ред. Мойсюка Я.Г. Третье издание. Тверь: 2004: 472 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Руководство по трансплантации почки. Под ред. Данович Г.М. Пер. с англ. под ред. Мойсюка Я.Г. Третье издание. Тверь: 2004: 472 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Столяревич Е.С. Хроническая трансплантационная нефропатия: клинико-морфологические сопоставления и факторы прогрессирования: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2002: 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Столяревич Е.С. Хроническая трансплантационная нефропатия: клинико-морфологические сопоставления и факторы прогрессирования: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2002: 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Столяревич Е.С., Ильинский И.М., Тырин В.В., Томилина Н.А. Хроническая трансплантационная нефропатия: клинико-морфологические сопоставления. Нефрология и диализ 2001; 3; 1: 32-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Столяревич Е.С., Ильинский И.М., Тырин В.В., Томилина Н.А. Хроническая трансплантационная нефропатия: клинико-морфологические сопоставления. Нефрология и диализ 2001; 3; 1: 32-42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Столяревич Е.С., Ким И.Г., Ильинский И.М., Стенина И.И., Трушкин Р.Н., Томилина Н.А. К вопросу о значении специфических антиген-зависимых и неспецифичеких факторов в патогенезе хронической трансплантационной нефропатии. Нефрология и диализ 2001; 3; 3: 335-344.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Столяревич Е.С., Ким И.Г., Ильинский И.М., Стенина И.И., Трушкин Р.Н., Томилина Н.А. К вопросу о значении специфических антиген-зависимых и неспецифичеких факторов в патогенезе хронической трансплантационной нефропатии. Нефрология и диализ 2001; 3; 3: 335-344.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Томилина Н.А., Ким И.Г. Факторы риска позднего прекращения функции трансплантата. Нефрология и диализ 2000; 2; 4: 260-271.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Томилина Н.А., Ким И.Г. Факторы риска позднего прекращения функции трансплантата. Нефрология и диализ 2000; 2; 4: 260-271.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шамаева Е.Н. Отдаленные результаты трансплантации почки у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2006: 107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шамаева Е.Н. Отдаленные результаты трансплантации почки у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа с терминальной хронической почечной недостаточностью: Автореф. дисс. … канд. мед. наук. М.: 2006: 107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шестакова М.В., Шамаева Е.Н. Сравнение антагонистов ангиотензиновых рецепторов с ингибиторами ангиотензин-превращающего фермента у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа с нефропатией (исследование DETAIL). Сахарный диабет 2005; 1: 6-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шестакова М.В., Шамаева Е.Н. Сравнение антагонистов ангиотензиновых рецепторов с ингибиторами ангиотензин-превращающего фермента у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа с нефропатией (исследование DETAIL). Сахарный диабет 2005; 1: 6-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шумаков В.И., Мойсюк Я.Г., Томилина Н.А. и др. Трансплантация почки. Нефрология, руководство для врачей. Под ред. Тареевой И.Е. М.: Медицина 2000: 658-683.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шумаков В.И., Мойсюк Я.Г., Томилина Н.А. и др. Трансплантация почки. Нефрология, руководство для врачей. Под ред. Тареевой И.Е. М.: Медицина 2000: 658-683.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aiko P.J. de Vries, Bakker S. J.L., van Son W. J., Homan van der Heide J. J., de Jong T. Hauw P. E., Gans R. O.B. Insulin resistance as putative cause of chronic renal transplant dysfunction. American J Kidn Diseases 2003; 41: 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aiko P.J. de Vries, Bakker S. J.L., van Son W. J., Homan van der Heide J. J., de Jong T. Hauw P. E., Gans R. O.B. Insulin resistance as putative cause of chronic renal transplant dysfunction. American J Kidn Diseases 2003; 41: 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Diabetes Association: management of dyslipidemia in adults with diabetes (Position statement). Diabetes Care 2003; 26 (Suppl.1): S83-S86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Diabetes Association: management of dyslipidemia in adults with diabetes (Position statement). Diabetes Care 2003; 26 (Suppl.1): S83-S86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aoki T., Arcangeli M., Gregu E. et al. Effect of chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy on antihypertensive medication requirement IDDM subjects with hypertension and nephropathy. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 1260-1265.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aoki T., Arcangeli M., Gregu E. et al. Effect of chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy on antihypertensive medication requirement IDDM subjects with hypertension and nephropathy. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 1260-1265.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artz M.A., Dooper P.M., Meuleman E.J., van der Vliet J.A., Wetzels J.F. Time course of proteinuria after living-donor kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2003; 76: 421-423.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artz M.A., Dooper P.M., Meuleman E.J., van der Vliet J.A., Wetzels J.F. Time course of proteinuria after living-donor kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2003; 76: 421-423.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barboza J., Steffes M.W., Sutherland D.E., Connett J.E., Rao K.V., Mauer S.M. Effect of glycemic control on early diabetic renal lesions. A 5-year randomized controlled clinical trial of insulin-dependent diabetic kidney transplant recipients. JAMA 1994; Aug 24-31; 272 (8): 600-606.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barboza J., Steffes M.W., Sutherland D.E., Connett J.E., Rao K.V., Mauer S.M. Effect of glycemic control on early diabetic renal lesions. A 5-year randomized controlled clinical trial of insulin-dependent diabetic kidney transplant recipients. JAMA 1994; Aug 24-31; 272 (8): 600-606.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnett A., Bain S. Angiotensin-Receptor Blockade versus Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1952-1961.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnett A., Bain S. Angiotensin-Receptor Blockade versus Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1952-1961.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhalla V., Nast C.C., Stollenwerk N., Tran S., Barba L., Kamil E.S., Danovitch G., Adler S.G. Recurrent and de novo diabetic nephropathy in renal allografts. Transplantation 2003; 75 (1): 66-71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhalla V., Nast C.C., Stollenwerk N., Tran S., Barba L., Kamil E.S., Danovitch G., Adler S.G. Recurrent and de novo diabetic nephropathy in renal allografts. Transplantation 2003; 75 (1): 66-71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borchhardt K., Haas N., Yilmaz N., Oberbauer R., Smidt A., Barnas U., Mayer G. Low dose angiotensine converting enzyme inhibition and glomerular permselectivity in renal transplant recipients.Kidney Int 1997; 52 (6): 1622-1625.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borchhardt K., Haas N., Yilmaz N., Oberbauer R., Smidt A., Barnas U., Mayer G. Low dose angiotensine converting enzyme inhibition and glomerular permselectivity in renal transplant recipients.Kidney Int 1997; 52 (6): 1622-1625.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brenner and Recctor's The Kidney. Edited by Brenner B.M. 6th edition. Philadelphia: 2000: 2653 pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brenner and Recctor's The Kidney. Edited by Brenner B.M. 6th edition. Philadelphia: 2000: 2653 pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burnier M., Zanhi A. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a key therapeutic strategy to reduce renal and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. J Hypertens 2006; 24 (1): 11-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burnier M., Zanhi A. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a key therapeutic strategy to reduce renal and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. J Hypertens 2006; 24 (1): 11-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Campistol J.M., Inigo P., Jimenez W. Losartan decreases plasma levels of TGF-β1 in transplant patients with chronic allograft nephropathy. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 714-719.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Campistol J.M., Inigo P., Jimenez W. Losartan decreases plasma levels of TGF-β1 in transplant patients with chronic allograft nephropathy. Kidney Int 1999; 56: 714-719.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colvin R. Chronic allograft nephropathy. New England J Med 2003; 24: 2288-2290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colvin R. Chronic allograft nephropathy. New England J Med 2003; 24: 2288-2290.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Agroudy A.E., Bakr M.A., Hassan N.A., Ismail A.M., Ali-El-Dein B., Shehab El-Dein A.B., Ghoneim M.A. Characteristics of long-term live-donor renal allograft survivors. Am J Nephrol 2003; 23 (3): 165-171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Agroudy A.E., Bakr M.A., Hassan N.A., Ismail A.M., Ali-El-Dein B., Shehab El-Dein A.B., Ghoneim M.A. Characteristics of long-term live-donor renal allograft survivors. Am J Nephrol 2003; 23 (3): 165-171.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elliott M., Kapoor A., Parker M. et al. Improvement in hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus after kidney/pancreas transplantation. Circulation 2001; 104: 563-569.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elliott M., Kapoor A., Parker M. et al. Improvement in hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus after kidney/pancreas transplantation. Circulation 2001; 104: 563-569.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonyea J.E., Anderson C.F. Weight change and serum lipoproteins in recipients of renal allografts. Mayo Clin Proc 1992; 67 (7): 653-657.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonyea J.E., Anderson C.F. Weight change and serum lipoproteins in recipients of renal allografts. Mayo Clin Proc 1992; 67 (7): 653-657.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goto E., Honjo S., Yamashita H., Shomori K., Adachi H., Ito H. Mast cells in human allografted kidney: correlation with interstitial fibrosis. Clin Transplant 2002; 16 (Suppl 8): 7-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goto E., Honjo S., Yamashita H., Shomori K., Adachi H., Ito H. Mast cells in human allografted kidney: correlation with interstitial fibrosis. Clin Transplant 2002; 16 (Suppl 8): 7-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hariharan S. Long-term kidney transplant survival. Am J Kidney Dis 2001 Dec; 38 (Suppl 6): 44-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hariharan S. Long-term kidney transplant survival. Am J Kidney Dis 2001 Dec; 38 (Suppl 6): 44-50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hariharan S., Peddi V.R., Savin V.J., Johnson C.P., First M.R., Roza A.M., Adams M.B. Recurrent and de novo renal diseases after transplantation: a report from the renal allograft disease registry. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31 (6): 928-931.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hariharan S., Peddi V.R., Savin V.J., Johnson C.P., First M.R., Roza A.M., Adams M.B. Recurrent and de novo renal diseases after transplantation: a report from the renal allograft disease registry. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 31 (6): 928-931.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hariharan S., Smith R.D., Viero R., First M.R. Diabetic nephropathy after renal transplantation. Clinical and pathologic features. Transplantation 1996; Vol. 15; 62 (5): 632-635.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hariharan S., Smith R.D., Viero R., First M.R. Diabetic nephropathy after renal transplantation. Clinical and pathologic features. Transplantation 1996; Vol. 15; 62 (5): 632-635.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hausberg M., Barenbrock m., Hohage H., Muller S., Heidenreich S., Rahn K.H. ACE inhibitor versus beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertension in renal allograft recipients. Hypertension 1999; 33: 862-868.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hausberg M., Barenbrock m., Hohage H., Muller S., Heidenreich S., Rahn K.H. ACE inhibitor versus beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertension in renal allograft recipients. Hypertension 1999; 33: 862-868.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hohage H., Kleyer U., Bruckner D., August C., Zidek W., Spieker C. Influence of proteinuria on long-term transplant survival in kidney transplant recipients. Nephron 1997; 75: 160-165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hohage H., Kleyer U., Bruckner D., August C., Zidek W., Spieker C. Influence of proteinuria on long-term transplant survival in kidney transplant recipients. Nephron 1997; 75: 160-165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holdaals H.H., Jordine A.G., Wheeler D.C. Effect of fluvaststin on acute renal allograft rejection: a randomized multicenter trial. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 1990-1997.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holdaals H.H., Jordine A.G., Wheeler D.C. Effect of fluvaststin on acute renal allograft rejection: a randomized multicenter trial. Kidney Int 2001; 60: 1990-1997.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inigo P., Campistol J.M., Lario S., Piera C., Campos B., Bescos M., Oppenheimer F., Rivera F. Effects of Losartan and Amlodipine on Intrarenal Hemodinamics and TGF-B1 Plasma Levels in a Crossover Trial in Renal Transplant Recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 822.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inigo P., Campistol J.M., Lario S., Piera C., Campos B., Bescos M., Oppenheimer F., Rivera F. Effects of Losartan and Amlodipine on Intrarenal Hemodinamics and TGF-B1 Plasma Levels in a Crossover Trial in Renal Transplant Recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12: 822.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasiske B.L., Heim-Duthoy K.L., Singer G.G. Effects of lipid reduction on acute renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2000; 69: 225.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasiske B.L., Heim-Duthoy K.L., Singer G.G. Effects of lipid reduction on acute renal allograft rejection. Transplantation 2000; 69: 225.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasiske B.L., Klinger D. Cigarette smoking in renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 753-759.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasiske B.L., Klinger D. Cigarette smoking in renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 753-759.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasiske B.L., Vazquez M.A., Harmon W.E. Recommendations for the outpatient surveillance of renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 1-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasiske B.L., Vazquez M.A., Harmon W.E. Recommendations for the outpatient surveillance of renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11: 1-86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim H., Cheigh J.S. Kidney transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: long term prognosis for patients and grafts. Korean J Intern Med 2001: 16 (2) 98-104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim H., Cheigh J.S. Kidney transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: long term prognosis for patients and grafts. Korean J Intern Med 2001: 16 (2) 98-104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin J., Valeri A.M., Markowitz G.S., D’Agati V.D., Cohen D.J., Radhakrishnan J. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in chronic allograft nephropathy. Transplantation 2002; 73: 783-788.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin J., Valeri A.M., Markowitz G.S., D’Agati V.D., Cohen D.J., Radhakrishnan J. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in chronic allograft nephropathy. Transplantation 2002; 73: 783-788.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Midtvedt K., Harman A. Hypertension after kidney transplantation: are treatment guidelines emerging? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: 1166-1169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Midtvedt K., Harman A. Hypertension after kidney transplantation: are treatment guidelines emerging? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17: 1166-1169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morath C., Ritz E., Zeier M. Protocol biopsy: what is the rationale and what is the evidence? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003, Apr; 18: 644-647.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morath C., Ritz E., Zeier M. Protocol biopsy: what is the rationale and what is the evidence? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003, Apr; 18: 644-647.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moreso F., Lopez M., Vallejos A. Serial protocol biopsies to quantify the progression of chronic transplant nephropathy to stable renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2001; 1: 82-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moreso F., Lopez M., Vallejos A. Serial protocol biopsies to quantify the progression of chronic transplant nephropathy to stable renal allografts. Am J Transplant 2001; 1: 82-88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nampoory M.R., Johny K.V., Costandi J.N., Gupta R.K., Nair M.P., Samhan M., al-Muzairai I.A., al-Mousawi M. Inferior long-term outcome of renal transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus. Med Princ Pract 2002; 11 (1): 29-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nampoory M.R., Johny K.V., Costandi J.N., Gupta R.K., Nair M.P., Samhan M., al-Muzairai I.A., al-Mousawi M. Inferior long-term outcome of renal transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus. Med Princ Pract 2002; 11 (1): 29-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Najarian J.S., Kaufman D.B., Fryd D.S., McHugh L., Mauer S.M., Ramsay R.C., Kennedy W.R., Navarro X., Goetz F.C., Sutherland D.E. Long-term survival following kidney transplantation in 100 type I diabetic patients. Transplantation 1989; 47 (1): 106-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Najarian J.S., Kaufman D.B., Fryd D.S., McHugh L., Mauer S.M., Ramsay R.C., Kennedy W.R., Navarro X., Goetz F.C., Sutherland D.E. Long-term survival following kidney transplantation in 100 type I diabetic patients. Transplantation 1989; 47 (1): 106-113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Opelz G., Wujciak T., Ritz E. Association of chronic kidney graft failure with recipient blood pressure. Collaborative Transplant Study. Kidney Int 1998, 53 (1): 217-222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Opelz G., Wujciak T., Ritz E. Association of chronic kidney graft failure with recipient blood pressure. Collaborative Transplant Study. Kidney Int 1998, 53 (1): 217-222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osterby R., Nyberg G., Hedman L., Karlberg I., Persson H., Svalander C. Kidney transplantation in type 1 Dinsulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Early glomerulopathy. Diabetologia 1991; 34 (9): 668-674.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osterby R., Nyberg G., Hedman L., Karlberg I., Persson H., Svalander C. Kidney transplantation in type 1 Dinsulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Early glomerulopathy. Diabetologia 1991; 34 (9): 668-674.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pannu H.S., Singh D., Sandhu J.S. Lipid profile before and after renal transplantation - a longitudinal study. Ren Fail 2003; 25 (3): 411-417.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pannu H.S., Singh D., Sandhu J.S. Lipid profile before and after renal transplantation - a longitudinal study. Ren Fail 2003; 25 (3): 411-417.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reichel H., Zeier M., Ritz E. Proteinuria after transplantation: pathogenesis and management. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19: 301-305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reichel H., Zeier M., Ritz E. Proteinuria after transplantation: pathogenesis and management. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19: 301-305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rischen-Vos J., van der Woude F.J., Tegzess A.M., Zwinderman A.H., Gooszen H.C., van den Akker P.J., van Es L.A. Increased morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation as compared with non-diabetic patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992; 7 (5): 433-437.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rischen-Vos J., van der Woude F.J., Tegzess A.M., Zwinderman A.H., Gooszen H.C., van den Akker P.J., van Es L.A. Increased morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation as compared with non-diabetic patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1992; 7 (5): 433-437.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roodnat J.L., Mulder P.G.H., Zietse R. Cholesterol as an independent predictor of outcome after renal transplantation. Transplantation 2000; 69: 1704-1710.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roodnat J.L., Mulder P.G.H., Zietse R. Cholesterol as an independent predictor of outcome after renal transplantation. Transplantation 2000; 69: 1704-1710.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosenkranz A.R., Mayer G. Proteinuria in the transplantated patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 1290-1292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosenkranz A.R., Mayer G. Proteinuria in the transplantated patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15: 1290-1292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salifu M.O., Nicastri A.D., Markell M.S., Ghali H., Sommer B.G., Friedman E.A. Allograft diabetic nepropathy may progress to end-stage renal disease. Pediatr Transplant 2004; 8 (4): 351-356.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salifu M.O., Nicastri A.D., Markell M.S., Ghali H., Sommer B.G., Friedman E.A. Allograft diabetic nepropathy may progress to end-stage renal disease. Pediatr Transplant 2004; 8 (4): 351-356.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steffes M.W., Bilous R.W., Sutherland D.E., Mauer S.M. Cell and matrix components of the glomerular mesangium in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 1992; 41 (6): 679-684.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steffes M.W., Bilous R.W., Sutherland D.E., Mauer S.M. Cell and matrix components of the glomerular mesangium in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 1992; 41 (6): 679-684.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas M.C., Mathew T.H., Russ G.R. Glycaemic control and graft loss following renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1978-1982.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas M.C., Mathew T.H., Russ G.R. Glycaemic control and graft loss following renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 1978-1982.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veenstra D.L., Best J.H., Hornberger J., Sullivan S.D., Hricik D.E. Incidence and long-term cost of steroid-related side effects after renal transplantation. Am Jkidney Dis 1999; 33: 829-839.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veenstra D.L., Best J.H., Hornberger J., Sullivan S.D., Hricik D.E. Incidence and long-term cost of steroid-related side effects after renal transplantation. Am Jkidney Dis 1999; 33: 829-839.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weinreich T., Binswanger U. Does the primary disease recur in kidney transplantation? Ther Umsch 1995; 52 (9): 566-571.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weinreich T., Binswanger U. Does the primary disease recur in kidney transplantation? Ther Umsch 1995; 52 (9): 566-571.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wirta O., Pasternack A., Mustonen J., Seppanen S., Turjanmaa V., Salmela K., Helin H. Nephrotic syndrome, hyperreninemia and multiple transplant renal arterial stenoses in a patient with diabetes. Nephron 1998; 78 (4): 481-484.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wirta O., Pasternack A., Mustonen J., Seppanen S., Turjanmaa V., Salmela K., Helin H. Nephrotic syndrome, hyperreninemia and multiple transplant renal arterial stenoses in a patient with diabetes. Nephron 1998; 78 (4): 481-484.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wissing K.M., Abramowicz D., Broeders N. Hypercholesterolemia is associated with increased kidney graft loss coased by chronic rejection in mail patients with previous acute rejection. Transplantation 2000; 70: 464-472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wissing K.M., Abramowicz D., Broeders N. Hypercholesterolemia is associated with increased kidney graft loss coased by chronic rejection in mail patients with previous acute rejection. Transplantation 2000; 70: 464-472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
