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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-1511</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение карнитина у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью, находящихся на лечении программным гемодиализом (Обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of carnitine in patients with the chronic renal failure, undergoing long-term hemodialysis Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мондоев</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mondoev</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">leongm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюкова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Birjukova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Гематологический научный центр РАМН, г. Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>391</fpage><lpage>394</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мондоев Л.Г., Бирюкова Л.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мондоев Л.Г., Бирюкова Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mondoev L.G., Birjukova L.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1511">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1511</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях тканевой гипоксии, сопровождающей уремию, важным источником энергии для клеток являются жирные кислоты, способные окисляться при низких значениях кислорода в крови, но требующие большого количества карнитина, запасы которого в организме ограничены. Карнитин - вещество, родственное витаминам группы В, выступает в качестве кофактора метаболических процессов, обеспечивающих поддержание активности коэнзима А, снижает основной обмен, замедляет распад белковых и углеводных молекул, способствует проникновению через мембраны митохондрий и расщеплению длинноцепочечных жирных кислот, включает жирнокислотный метаболический шунт, активность которого не лимитирована кислородом. У пациентов с уремией имеется карнитиновая недостаточность, связанная с алиментарным дефицитом, состоянием гиперкатаболизма, выведением карнитина во время процедур гемодиализа. Применение карнитина у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью, находящихся на лечении программным гемодиализом, улучшает ответ на лечение эритропоэтином, уменьшает хрупкость мембран ретикулоцитов и эритроцитов, оказывает антиоксидантное действие. Программный гемодиализ является одним из основных методов лечения больных с терминальной почечной недостаточностью. В настоящее время в мире жизнь около полутора миллионов больных продолжается благодаря заместительной почечной терапии, и две трети из них находятся на программном гемодиализе. Популяция больных, получающих лечение гемодиализом, неуклонно увеличивается, что связано как с увеличением продолжительности их жизни, так и с пересмотром многих критериев, регламентирующих отбор больных [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit2">2</xref>]. Комплексное лечение больных с терминальной стадией хронической почечной недостаточности предполагает не только использование методик заместительной почечной терапии, но и медикаментозное воздействие на многие звенья патогенеза ХПН. Широкое использование таких лекарственных средств, как рекомбинантный человеческий эритропоэтин, препаратов железа, препаратов, влияющих на фосфорно-кальциевый, жировой обмен, позволило значительно улучшить качество лечения диализных пациентов, реабилитацию и качество жизни, уменьшить частоту их госпитализации, повлиять на заболеваемость и смертность. В последние годы многие специалисты проявляют интерес к еще одному лекарственному средству - к карнитину, применение которого, как показал ряд исследований, позволит решить некоторые проблемы пациентов на диализе.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карнитин</kwd><kwd>хроническая почечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>уремия</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>эритропоэтин</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный реестр лекарственных средств. 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