nidНефрология и диализNephrology and Dialysis1680-44222618-9801Российское диализное обществоnid-1588Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESИммунологические аспекты IgA-нефропатииImmunological aspects of IgA nephropathy reviewБеспаловаВ. М.BespalovaV. M.noemail@neicon.ruСапожниковаЮ. А.SapojhnikovaY. A.sapjulia@tut.byЗафранскаяМ. М.ZafranskayaM. M.noemail@neicon.ruОтделение нефрологии 5-й ГКБRussian FederationКафедра иммунологии МГЭУ им. А.Д. Сахарова, Беларусь, г. МинскRussian Federation200523062025713236Copyright © Беспалова В.М., Сапожникова Ю.А., Зафранская М.М., 20252025Беспалова В.М., Сапожникова Ю.А., Зафранская М.М.Bespalova V.M., Sapojhnikova Y.A., Zafranskaya M.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1588

IgA-нефропатия является самой частой формой гломерулонефрита во всем мире. Это заболевание характеризуется отложением в мезангии полимерного IgA1 и увеличением его концентрации в плазме крови. Уровень IgA в плазме определяется скоростью его продукции и выведения лейкоцитами и клетками печени. Катаболизм IgA зависит от двух факторов: рецепторов к IgA и иммунохимической структуры молекулы. Сывороточный IgA при IgA-нефропатии имеет несколько особенностей. Наиболее важной из них является измененное гликозилирование молекулы. Это изменение структуры может влиять на взаимодействие с белками матрикса, с рецепторами к IgA на мезангиальных клетках, лейкоцитах и гепатоцитах и с комплементом. Такое нарушение, возможно, играет главную роль в патогенезе депонирования IgA1 в мезангии с последующим поражением клубочков при IgA-нефропатии.

IgA-nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis. It is characterized by predominant mesangial polymeric IgA1 deposits and with increased plasma IgA1 level. The level of plasma IgA is determined by the rate of IgA production, its uptake by leucocytes and removal by hepatocytes. The catabolism of IgA depends on two factors: IgA receptors and immunochemical nature of the IgA molecules. Serum IgA in IgAN displays a number of unusual physical characteristics. The most important of them is a change in glicosilation. This IgA defect can influence IgA capacity to interact with matrix proteins, IgA receptors on mesangial cells, leucocytes and hepatocytes and with complement. It may play a key role in the pathogenesis of mesangial deposition of IgA1 and subsequent glomerular injury in IgAN.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.