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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2024-2-151-164</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-166</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фракция выброса левого желудочка: связь с риском смерти и частотой дисфункции артериовенозной фистулы (среднесрочные результаты)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Left ventricular ejection fraction: association with risk of mortality and the incidence of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction (medium-term results)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-7887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulkarnaev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">7059899@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1534-7782</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоминых</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fominykh</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>0000-0002-1534-7782</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fomnata76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vedmak_@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI")</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»; ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница имени С.С. Юдина ДЗМ г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI"); S.S. Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>164</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зулькарнаев А.Б., Фоминых Н.М., Степанов В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зулькарнаев А.Б., Фоминых Н.М., Степанов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zulkarnaev A.B., Fominykh N.M., Stepanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/166">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/166</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Нередко фракция выброса (ФВ) и хроническая сердечная недостаточность (ХСН) рассматриваются как критерии, определяющие возможность формирования артериовенозной фистулы (АВФ) в контексте увеличения риска смерти без достаточных для этого доказательств. Вместе с тем, есть редкие, но убедительные доказательства, что низкая ФВ увеличивает риск дисфункции АВФ. Цель: оценить связь ФВ на этапе формирования АВФ с частотой нежелательных сердечно-сосудистых событий и смерти от всех причин, а также - с частотой дисфункций АВФ. Методы. Ретроспективное когортное исследование с включением 962 совершеннолетних пациентов с функционирующей АВФ, сформированной впервые. В исследование включались только пациенты, у которых после формирования АВФ прошло более трех месяцев и был ограничен пятью годами. Средний срок наблюдения составил 34±13 месяцев. На основании ФВ и статуса ХСН на момент формирования АВФ мы обособили 4 группы: низкая ФВ (нФВ) &lt;40%, промежуточная ФВ (пФВ) 40-49%, cохраненная ФВ ≥50% + ХСН, «нет ХСН» - ФВ≥50% и нет ХСН. Результаты. Снижение ФВ было связано с риском смерти только в однофакторной модели (пФВ hazard ratio (HR)=2,706 [95%ДИ 1,330; 5,507], p=0,006, нФВ HR=8,250 [95%ДИ 2,621; 25,97], p&lt;0,001, тут и далее - по отношению к группе «нет ХСН»). После коррекции на возраст, пол и индекс коморбидности Чарльсон (ИКЧ), ФВ не была значимо связана с риском смерти, значимым фактором осталось только количество баллов по ИКЧ (HR=1,748 [95%ДИ 1,482; 2,063], p&lt;0,001). Снижение ФВ было связано с частотой дисфункций АВФ как в однофакторной модели (пФВ incidence rate ratio (IRR)=6,88 [95%ДИ 3,88; 12,1], p&lt;0,001, нФВ IRR=19,9 [95%ДИ 8,64; 41,6], p&lt;0,001), так и после коррекции на возраст, пол и индекс коморбидности Чарльсон (пФВ IRR=8,96 [95%ДИ 5,81; 13,7], p&lt;0,001, нФВ IRR=23,4 [95%ДИ 13,8; 38,6], p&lt;0,001). Даже в присутствии в наиболее полной модели поликистозной болезни почек и сахарного диабета, связь с частотой дисфункции АВФ была статистически значима (пФВ IRR=8,61 [95%ДИ 5,61; 13,1], p&lt;0,001, нФВ IRR=33,4 [95%ДИ 19,5; 56,2], p&lt;0,001). Выводы подтвердились после коррекции на внеплановое начало ГД, а также при анализе выживаемости с учетом конкурирующих рисков. Выводы: у пациентов, начинающих лечение программным гемодиализом, снижение ФВ ассоциировано с увеличением риска дисфункции АВФ в большей мере, чем с увеличением риска смерти. Одним из основных факторов риска, определяющих выживаемость пациентов, является коморбидный фон, но не единичная оценка ФВ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Ejection fraction (EF) and chronic heart failure (HF) are often considered as criteria for the possibility of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation due to an increased risk of death, without sufficient evidence for this. There is, however, rare but compelling evidence that low EF increases the risk of AVF dysfunction. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between EF at the time of AVF creation and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, as well as AVF dysfunction. Methods. This retrospective cohort study included 962 adult patients who had a first-time-created functioning AVF. Only patients with a more than three months and less than five years period after AVF creation were included. The mean follow-up period was 34±13 months. Four groups were identified based on EF and the presence of HF at the time of AVF creation: HF with reduced EF (rEF) &lt;40%, with mid-range (mrEF) of 40-49%, or with preserved EF (pEF) ≥50% + HF, and a "no HF" group with EF≥50% and no HF. Results. In the univariate analysis, a reduced EF was associated with an increased risk of mortality, with the hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.706 [95% CI 1.330; 5.507], p=0.006 for mrEF and 8.250 [95% CI 2.621; 25.97], p&lt;0.001 for rEF, compared to the "no HF" group (here and thereafter). However, after adjusting for age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), EF was not significantly associated with the risk of death. Only the CCI score remained a significant factor (HR=1.748 [95% CI 1.482; 2.063], p&lt;0.001). A decreased EF was associated with the incidence of AVF dysfunction both in the univariate analysis and after adjustments. In the univariate analysis, the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 6.88 [95% CI 3.88; 12.1], p&lt;0.001 for mrEF, and 19.9 [95%DI 8.64; 41.6], p&lt;0.001 for rEF, were shown. After adjusting for age, sex, and CCI, the IRR for mrEF was 8.96 [95% CI 5.81; 13.7], p&lt;0.001, and for rEF, it was 23.4 [95% CI 13.8; 38.6], p&lt;0.001. Even in the presence of polycystic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus in the most comprehensive model, the association between EF and the incidence of AVF dysfunction remained statistically significant: the IRR was 8.61 [95%DI 5.61; 13.1], p&lt;0.001 for mrEF, and 33.4 [95%DI 19.5; 56.2], p&lt;0.001 for rEF. The findings were confirmed after adjusting for urgent HD initiation and in the competing risks survival analysis. Conclusions. In patients who are initiating treatment with maintenance hemodialysis, a decreased EF is associated to a greater extent with a higher risk of AVF dysfunction than with an increased risk of mortality. The burden of comorbidities, rather than a standalone assessment of EF, is one of the major risk factors determining patient survival.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериовенозная фистула</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>фракция выброса</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>нежелательные сердечно-сосудистые события</kwd><kwd>arteriovenous fistula</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>ejection fraction</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>adverse cardiovascular events</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamada S., Ishii H., Takahashi H. et al. Prognostic value of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction at start of hemodialysis therapy on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in end-stage renal disease patients. 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