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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-1944</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Поражение периферической нервной системы у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peripheral nervous system impairment in patients with chronic renal failure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липатов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipatov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kir_lipatov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляков</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Нижегородская областная клиническая больница им. Н.А. Семашко, Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия, г. Нижний Новгород</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2005</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>458</fpage><lpage>462</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Липатов К.С., Беляков К.М., Крупин В.Н., Белова А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Липатов К.С., Беляков К.М., Крупин В.Н., Белова А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lipatov K.S., Belyakov K.M., Krupin V.N., Belova A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1944">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/1944</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы стало исследование характера, степени и обратимости повреждения волокон периферических нервов у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью в зависимости от ее стадии и метода коррекции. Обследовано 63 больных с ХПН: 21 - с «додиализной» стадией ХПН, 28 - на программном гемодиализе и 14 пациентов с трансплантатом почки. Контрольная группа - 30 здоровых добровольцев. Обследование включало неврологический осмотр и электронейромиографию малоберцового, большеберцового и икроножного нервов с обеих сторон. Выявлено, что электромиографические признаки полиневропатии могут обнаруживаться в тех случаях, когда клинические проявления заболевания еще отсутствуют. В первую очередь страдают сенсорные и вегетативные волокна, в большей степени поражается аксон. При регулярном лечении уремии отмечается снижение тяжести полиневропатии, что, вероятно, связано с элиминацией уремических токсинов. У пациентов с трансплантированной почкой регресс патологических изменений выражен в наибольшей степени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We aimed to study the type, the intensity and the reversibility of the peripheral nerves impairment in patients with chronic renal failure depending on its stage and the method of RRT. 63 patients with chronic renal failure were examined (21 predialytic patients, 28 patients treated by hemodialysis and 14 patients after kidney transplantation). 30 healthy volunteers made up the control group. Investigation included neurologist examination, electromyographic study of peroneus, tibialis and suralis nerves. We found out that electromyographic signs of neuropathy can be seen in the cases when the clinical manifestation of disease is not yet discovered. Sensor and autonomic nerve fibres where the first to suffer, the axonopathy dominated. The treatment of chronic renal failure reduces the polyneuropathy signs. This can be explained by uremic toxin elimination. The patients with kidney transplantation demonstrated the most significant regress of pathological changes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая почечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>уремическая полиневропатия</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd><kwd>электронейромиография</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Густов А.В., Мельникова Т.В., Ютанов С.И., Данильцева Т.М. Лекарственные препараты в неврологии. Н. Новгород: НГМА, 1999: 99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Густов А.В., Мельникова Т.В., Ютанов С.И., Данильцева Т.М. Лекарственные препараты в неврологии. Н. Новгород: НГМА, 1999: 99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ермоленко В.М. 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