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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2020-1-93-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-198</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка эффективности микофенолата мофетила и циклоспорина А в качестве иммуносупрессивной терапии первой линии у детей со стероид-зависимым нефротическим синдромом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative assessment of the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агаронян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agaronyan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">hagaronyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вашурина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vashurina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вознесенская</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voznesenskaya</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зробок</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zrobok</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриенко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrienko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряпосова</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryaposova</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьин</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananin</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыгин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России (Москва, Российская Федерация)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Children’s health (Moscow, Russian Federation)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Агаронян А.Г., Вашурина Т.В., Комарова О.В., Вознесенская Т.С., Зробок О.А., Дмитриенко С.В., Ряпосова А.Б., Ананьин П.В., Цыгин А.Н., Фисенко А.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агаронян А.Г., Вашурина Т.В., Комарова О.В., Вознесенская Т.С., Зробок О.А., Дмитриенко С.В., Ряпосова А.Б., Ананьин П.В., Цыгин А.Н., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agaronyan A.G., Vashurina T.V., Komarova O.V., Voznesenskaya T.S., Zrobok O.A., Dmitrienko S.V., Ryaposova A.B., Ananin P.V., Tsygin A.N., Fisenko A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/198">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/198</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование: длительное применение глюкокортикостероидов при стероид-зависимом нефротическом синдроме (СЗНС) приводит к развитию серьезных побочных эффектов, в связи с чем пациентам с признаками стероидной токсичности должны быть назначены альтернативные препараты. Вместе с тем, в настоящее время отсутствует единый консенсус по выбору оптимальной терапии первой линии. Цель исследования: провести сравнительную оценку эффективности и безопасности микофенолата мофетила (ММФ) и циклоспорина А (ЦсА) в качестве терапии первой линии у детей со СЗНС. Методы: выполнен ретроспективный анализ результатов терапии пациентов циклоспорином А (n=50) и микофенолата мофетилом (n=18) пациентов с диагнозом СЗНС, наблюдавшихся в нефрологическом отделении за период с 2003 по 2018 гг. Проведена сравнительная оценка эффективности препаратов в отношении снижения кумулятивной стероидной нагрузки, поддержания максимальной длительности ремиссии, а также безопасности по наличию или отсутствию побочных явлений. Результаты: на фоне терапии ЦсА максимальная длительность ремиссии вне стероидов составила 14 [6; 24] месяцев, стероидная нагрузка была снижена с 183,4 [122,9; 216,2] до 63,6 [35,5; 85] мг/кг/год, стойкая ремиссия в течение года наблюдалась у 60% детей, частота рецидивов/год была снижена с 2,2 [1,3; 3,6] до 0,7 [0,4; 1,6]. На фоне приема ММФ у 88,8% детей за весь период наблюдения отсутствовали рецидивы, максимальная длительность ремиссии вне стероидов составила 19,69±10 месяц, стероидная нагрузка снизилась со 191,3 [122,4; 241,5] до 46,7 [25,8; 63,6] мг/кг/год. ММФ продемонстрировал схожую эффективность, при этом нежелательных явлений зафиксировано не было, в то время как у 12% детей на фоне приема ЦсА были выявлены тубуло-интерстициальные изменения на повторной нефробиопсии, еще у 12% терапия была прекращена вследствие гиперазотемии. Заключение: эффективность ММФ в качестве стероид-сберегающего агента сопоставима с ЦсА, однако потенциальная нефротоксичность последнего позволяет рекомендовать ММФ в качестве альтернативы ЦсА в терапии первой линии у больных со стероид-зависимым нефротическим синдромом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Long-term therapy with corticosteroids of patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) causes significant side effects. For this reason, patients with signs of steroid toxicity need to alternative immunosuppressive therapy. Currently, there is no consensus about the most appropriate first-line steroid-sparing agent in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) compared with cyclosporine A (CsA) in children with SDNS. Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes of patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome who were treated with CsA and MMF at the nephrology department between 2003 and 2018. The efficacy of reducing the cumulative steroid dosages and time without steroids have been accessed. Results. During the CsA therapy, the maximal duration of remission without steroids was 14 [6; 24] months, the cumulative steroid dosage was reduced from 183.4 [122.9; 216.2] to 63.6 [35.5; 85] mg/kg/year, persistent remission during the year was in 60% of children, mean relapse rates decreased from 2.2 [1.3; 3.6] to 0.7 [0.4; 1.6]. 88.8% of children treated with MMF had no relapses during the time of observation, the maximal duration of remission after corticosteroids withdrawal was 19.69±10 month, steroid dosage decreased from 191.3 [122.4; 241.5] to 46.7 [25.8; 63.6] mg/kg/year. MMF demonstrated similar efficacy, with no adverse effects, while 12% of children receiving CSA were revealed tubulointerstitial changes on repeated nephrobiopsy, in another 12% therapy was discontinued due to hyperazotemia. Conclusion. The effectiveness of MMF as a steroid-sparing agent is comparable to CSA, but a potential nephrotoxicity of CsA allows to recommend mycophenolate mofetil as an alternative to cyclosporine A for the first-line therapy of patients with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>стероид-зависимый нефротический синдром</kwd><kwd>циклоспорин А</kwd><kwd>микофенолата мофетил</kwd><kwd>преднизолон</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome</kwd><kwd>cyclosporin A</kwd><kwd>mycophenolate mofetil</kwd><kwd>prednisone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Nephrotic syndrome in children: prediction of histopathology from clinical and laboratory characteristics at time of diagnosis. 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