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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕМА НОМЕРА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOCUS ISSUE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Начало диализа, выбор метода, доступ и программы лечения: итоги конференции KDIGO (Инициатива по улучшению глобальных исходов заболеваний почек) по спорным вопросам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dialysis initiation, modality choice, access, and prescription: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Т. Чан</surname><given-names>Кристофер</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Christopher</surname><given-names>T. Chan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">christopher.chan@uhn.ca</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бланкестин</surname><given-names>Петер Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peter</surname><given-names>J. Blankestijn</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дембер</surname><given-names>Лаура М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laura</surname><given-names>M. Dember</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галлиени</surname><given-names>Маурицио</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maurizio</surname><given-names>Gallieni</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харрис</surname><given-names>Дэвид Ч.Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>David</surname><given-names>C.H. Harris</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лок</surname><given-names>Шармэн Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Charmaine</surname><given-names>E. Lok</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меторта</surname><given-names>Ражниш</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rajnish</surname><given-names>Mehrotra</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стивенс</surname><given-names>Пауль Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paul</surname><given-names>E. Stevens</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ванг</surname><given-names>Анжела Й-М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Angela</surname><given-names>Yee-Moon Wang</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чонг</surname><given-names>Майкл</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Michael</surname><given-names>Cheung</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Велер</surname><given-names>Дэвид К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>David</surname><given-names>C. Wheeler</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винкельмаейр</surname><given-names>Вольфганг К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wolfgang</surname><given-names>C. Winkelmayer</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поллок</surname><given-names>Кэрол А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Carol</surname><given-names>A. Pollock</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">carol.pollock@sydney.edu.au</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Торонто</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Toronto</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университетский медицинский центр Утрехта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University Medical Center Utrecht</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Пенсильвании</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Pennsylvania</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Милана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Milan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Сиднея</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Sydney</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Вашингтона</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Washington</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Госпиталь Восточного Кента</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University NHS Foundation Trust</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Гонконга</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Hong Kong</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>KDIGO</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>KDIGO</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лондонский университетский колледж</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University College London</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский колледж Бэйлора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baylor College of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Т. Чан К.C., Бланкестин П.Д., Дембер Л.М., Галлиени М., Харрис Д.Ч., Лок Ш.Э., Меторта Р., Стивенс П.Э., Ванг А.Й., Чонг М., Велер Д.К., Винкельмаейр В.К., Поллок К.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Т. Чан К., Бланкестин П.Д., Дембер Л.М., Галлиени М., Харрис Д.Ч., Лок Ш.Э., Меторта Р., Стивенс П.Э., Ванг А.Й., Чонг М., Велер Д.К., Винкельмаейр В.К., Поллок К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Christopher T.C., Peter J.B., Laura M.D., Maurizio G., David C.H., Charmaine E.L., Rajnish M., Paul E.S., Angela Y.W., Michael C., David C.W., Wolfgang C.W., Carol A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/203">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/203</self-uri><abstract><p>Во всем мире растет число пациентов, получающих постоянное поддерживающее лечение диализом, однако существует значительная вариабельность в практических подходах к его началу. Такие факторы, как доступность ресурсов, причины начала диализа, время его начала, обучение и подготовка пациентов, метод диализа и диализный доступ, а также варьирующие в зависимости от страны специфические факторы значительно влияют на восприятие пациентов и на результаты лечения. По всему миру возросло число пациентов с терминальной стадией болезни почек (ТСБП), в связи с этим все более широко признается важность участия пациента в определении целей медицинской помощи и в принятии решений в отношении лечения. В январе 2018 года была созвана конференция KDIGO (Инициатива по улучшению глобальных исходов заболеваний почек), посвященная спорным вопросам, касающимся начала диализа, в том числе выбору метода лечения, доступу и программам лечения. Здесь представлено краткое содержание дискуссий на конференции, в том числе относительно выявленных пробелов в знаниях, спорных вопросов и приоритетов дальнейших исследований. Одной из новейших главных тем, представленных на конференции, стала необходимость отказаться от унифицированного подхода к диализу в пользу более индивидуального подхода, который включает в себя цели и предпочтения пациента, учитывая при этом наилучшую медицинскую практику, ориентированную на качество лечения и безопасность пациента. Определение и включение ориентированных на пациентов целей, которые могут быть приняты как показатели качества в контексте различных систем здравоохранения для достижения относительного равновесия результатов, потребует согласованности целей и побуждений при взаимодействии между пациентами, поставщиками услуг, регуляторными органами и плательщиками. Степень такой согласованности будет варьировать в зависимости от системы здравоохранения конкретной страны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Globally, the number of patients undergoing maintenance dialysis is increasing, yet throughout the world there is signiﬁcant variability in the practice of initiating dialysis. Factors such as availability of resources, reasons for starting dialysis, timing of dialysis initiation, patient education and preparedness, dialysis modality and access, as well as varied “country-speciﬁc” factors signiﬁcantly affect patient experiences and outcomes. As the burden of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has increased globally, there has also been a growing recognition of the importance of patient involvement in determining the goals of care and decisions regarding treatment. In January 2018, KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) convened a Controversies Conference focused on dialysis initiation, including modality choice, access, and prescription. Here we present a summary of the conference discussions, including identiﬁed knowledge gaps, areas of controversy, and priorities for research. A major novel theme represented during the conference was the need to move away from a “one-size-ﬁts-all” approach to dialysis and provide more individualized care that incorporates patient goals and preferences while still maintaining best practices for quality and safety. Identifying and including patient-centered goals that can be validated as quality indicators in the context of diverse health care systems to achieve equity of outcomes will require alignment of goals and incentives between patients, providers, regulators, and payers that will vary across health care jurisdictions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целенаправленный диализ</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>домашний диализ</kwd><kwd>начало</kwd><kwd>метод</kwd><kwd>перитонеальный диализ</kwd><kwd>программа лечения</kwd><kwd>контроль симптомов</kwd><kwd>сосудистый и перитонеальный диализный доступ</kwd><kwd>goal-directed dialysis</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>home dialysis</kwd><kwd>initiation</kwd><kwd>modality</kwd><kwd>peritoneal dialysis</kwd><kwd>prescription</kwd><kwd>symptom control</kwd><kwd>vascular and peritoneal dialysis access</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas B, Wulf S, Bikbov B, et al. 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