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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2021-1suppl-99-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ - ВИЧ И ХБП</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUPPLEMENT - HIV AND CKD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тяжёлое повреждение почек, опосредованное тенофовира дизопроксила фумаратом. Клинический пример</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate induced severe kidney injury. Case report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конакова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">inkonakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дунаева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dunaeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр по профилактике и борьбе со СПИД и инфекционными заболеваниями</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centers for AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Национальный центр клинической морфологической диагностики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“National Center of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конакова И.Н., Дунаева Н.В., Воробьева О.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конакова И.Н., Дунаева Н.В., Воробьева О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konakova I.N., Dunaeva N.V., Vorobyeva O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/22">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/22</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлено описание клинического случая развития тяжёлого повреждения почек у ВИЧ-инфицированного мужчины 66 лет, получавшего тенофовира дезопроксила фумарат (ТДФ), ламивудин и этравирин. Мужчина был инфицирован ВИЧ в 2008 г. гетеросексуальным путём, получал антиретровирусную терапию (АРВТ) со сменами препаратов из-за различных нежелательных явлений (эфавиренз - нейротоксичность, зидовудин - анемия, абакавир - дислипидемия, атазанавир - холестаз, микролитиаз): зидовудин + ламивудин + эфавиренз + ритонавир → зидовудин + ламивудин + атазанавир + ритонавир → абакавир + ламивудин + атазанавир + ритонавир. В 2017 г. назначена схема: ТДФ, ламивудин, этравирин. Функция почек на момент начала терапии в норме. В октябре 2019 г. СКФ CKD-EPI снижается до 58 мл/мин/1,73 м2 (креатинин сыворотки 113,35 мкмоль/л), появляется протеинурия, глюкозурия. Пациенту рекомендована консультация нефролога, смена схемы АРВТ не произведена. Пациент нефролога не посетил. В феврале 2020 года пациент был госпитализирован в нефрологическое отделение в связи с олигурией (суточный диурез 600 мл), выраженными нарушениями функции почек (СКФ CKD-EPI 7 мл/мин/1,73 м2 - креатинин сыворотки 640 мкмоль/л - мочевина 29,1 ммоль/л, дисэлектролитемия, суточная потеря белка 0,6 г/сутки, характерными для повреждения канальцев почек изменениями в разовой порции мочи). Выполнена биопсия почки, которая показала массивное воспаление, тотальный острый канальцевый некроз, очаговую кариомегалию, мультифокальное формирование мегамитохондрий, многочисленные массивные белковые цилиндры, единичные миоглобиновые цилиндры (рабдомиолиз); развитие полного склероза 14% гломерул. Наличие и степень выраженности тубуло-интерстициального фиброза оценке не подлежало из-за тяжести воспаления. Выставлен диагноз: хронический тубулоинтерстициальный нефрит (ТИН) лекарственного генеза. ХБП С5А2 (СКФ 7 мл/мин), азотемия, дисэлектролитемия. Инфузионная терапия и замена антиретровирусной терапии (АРВТ) на раствор ламивудина 100 мг в сутки и лопинавир/ритонавир 800/200 мг в сутки привели к постепенному частичному улучшению нефрологических параметров: нормализовалась азотовыделительная функция почек, электролитный обмен (в ноябре 2020 г. - СКФ CKD-EPI 37 мл/мин/1,73 м2), улучшились показатели общего анализа мочи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes a clinical case of severe kidney injury in a 66-year-old HIV-infected man who received Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), lamivudine and etravirine. The man was infected with HIV in 2008 during heterosexual transmission, received antiretroviral therapy (ART) with a change of medications due to adverse events (efavirenz-neurotoxicity, zidovudine - anemia, abacavir - dyslipidemia, atazanavir - cholestasis, microlithiasis): zidovudine + lamivudine + efavirenz + ritonavir → zidovudine + lamivudine + atazanavir + ritonavir → abacavir + lamivudine + atazanavir + ritonavir. In 2017, the following treatment regimens were prescribed: TDF, lamivudine, etravirine. Renal function at the time of therapy initiation was normal. In October 2019 the GFR (CKD-EPI) decreased to 58 ml/min/1.73 m2 (serum creatinine concentration 113 mmol/l), proteinuria, glucosuria appeared. The patient was referred to nephrologist, the ART was not changed. The patient did not visit a nephrologist. In February 2020, the patient was admitted to the nephrology department because of oliguria (diuresis 600 ml/24-h), severe renal injury - serum creatinine was 640 mmol/l (GFR 7 ml/min/1.73 m2), urea 29 mmol/L, dyselectrolytemia, daily protein excretion 0.6 g. A kidney biopsy was performed, which showed massive inflammation, total acute tubular necrosis, focal karyomegaly, multifocal formation of megamitochondria, numerous massive protein cylinders, single myoglobin cylinders (rhabdomyolysis); the development of complete sclerosis of 14% of the glomeruli. The presence and severity of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis were not evaluated due to the severity of inflammation. Diagnosis: chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis of iatrogenic (drug) origin with acute kidney injury. Infusion therapy and changeover of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a solution of lamivudine 100 mg per day and lopinavir/ritonavir 800/200 mg per day led to a gradual partial improvement in nephrological parameters: renal function, electrolyte metabolism (in November 2020 - GFR 37 ml/min/1.73 m2), spot urine sample also improved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>тенофовир</kwd><kwd>тубуло-интерстициальный нефрит</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>tenofovir</kwd><kwd>tubulo-interstitial nephritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВИЧ-инфекция и СПИД: национальное руководство. Под ред. В.В.Покровского. - 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2020. 696 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ВИЧ-инфекция и СПИД: национальное руководство. Под ред. 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