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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2020-3-383-395</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-220</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА НЕФРОЛОГА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Онконефрология: поражения почек при использовании противоопухолевых препаратов. Обзор литературы - Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Onco-nephrology: anti-cancer drug-induced kidney damage. Review of literature - Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">helena.zakharova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы; ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; ГБОУ Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.P. Botkin City Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education; 1st Moscow State Medical University n.a. I.M Sechenov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>383</fpage><lpage>395</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова Е.В., Остроумова О.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова Е.В., Остроумова О.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova E.V., Ostroumova O.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/220">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/220</self-uri><abstract><p>Лекарственные нефропатии представляют собой обширную и разнородную группу состояний, патогенетически обусловленных как прямой нефротоксичностью, так и рядом опосредованных побочных эффектов лекарственных средств (ЛС). При этом может развиваться как острое почечное повреждение, так и хроническая болезнь почек, а также сочетание острых и хронических повреждений и изменений. Лекарственное поражение почек может быть обусловлено повреждением всех сегментов нефрона - сосудов, клубочков, канальцев и интерстиция. Противоопухолевые ЛС подразделяются на «традиционные», таргетные, и средства иммунотерапии. Механизмы почечного повреждения, прямо или косвенно ассоциированного с применением проивоопухолевых лекарственных препаратов, включают: 1) снижение перфузии почек вследствие потерь жидкости через желудочно-кишечный тракт и/или алиментарной гиповолемии, обусловленных применением противоопухолевых ЛС, но без их прямой нефротоксичности; 2) дисфункцию эндотелия внутрипочечных сосудов в результате побочных эффектов ЛС; 3) прямое токсическое действие ЛС на клетки внутрипочечных сосудов или канальцев; 4) отложение кристаллов ЛС или их метаболитов с обструкцией почечных канальцев; 5) интерстициальный воспалительный процесс в рамках аллергической реакции на ЛС; и 6) иммуноопосредованные поражения клубочков и интерстиция. При этом одно и то же ЛС в разных клинических ситуациях может индуцировать поражение различных отделов нефрона, а механизмы развития нефропатии при повреждении тех или иных почечных структур могут в значительной степени пересекаться. По мере все более широкого внедрения в клиническую новых таргетных препаратов и средств иммунотерапии и улучшения выживаемости пациентов с онкозаболеваниями, почечные побочные эффекты противоопухолевой терапии оказывают возрастающее влияние на отдаленный прогноз, а их изучение приобретает особую актуальность. Сравнительно недавно появившаяся в составе нефрологии специальность - онконефрология - активно занимается исследованием именно этой проблемы. В настоящем обзоре мы приводим информацию о существующих в настоящее время, в том числе и самых современных, противоопухолевых ЛС с учетом механизма их действия, освещаем патогенез и клинико-морфологические варианты поражения почек, ассоциированные с применением различных классов и групп, а также отдельных противоопухолевых ЛС, и представляем сводные данные литературы в виде подробных справочных таблиц.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Drug-induced kidney injury represents a huge variety of conditions, directly or indirectly associated with drug toxicity and other drug adverse events. In this setting both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and acute injury on the top of chronic disease is common. Drug-induced kidney injury may result from the damage of all nephron segments: vasculature, glomeruli, tubules and interstitial space. Anti-cancer drugs include conventional, targeted (biological), and immunotherapy groups. The mechanisms of kidney injury associated with the anti-cancer drugs exposure include: 1) kidney hypoperfusion due to the gastrointestinal losses and volume depletion, resulting from the drug adverse events without direct nephrotoxicity; 2) endothelial dysfunction of kidney microvasculature, caused by anticancer-drugs adverse effects; 3) direct toxic tubular and glomerular endothelial damage; 4) anticancer-drug metabolites crystals intratubular deposition with tubular obstruction; 5) interstitial inflammation as a result of hypersensitivity drug reactions; and 6) immune-mediated glomerular and interstitial damage. Of note, the same anti-cancer drug may cause the damage of more than one segment of nephron, and the mechanisms of injury may interfere. Since novel biological target drugs and immunotherapy became widely implemented, and survival of patients with malignancies improved, anti-cancer drugs adverse kidney effects more and more influence long-term outcomes, and the knowledge of these effects turned to be mandatory. Recently emerged field of onco-nephrology, among other issues, study the anti-cancer drugs influence on the kidney health. In this review, we collected information about all classes of anti-cancer drugs in use, including novel target and immunotherapy agents, and highlighted pathogenesis, clinical and pathology presentation of different types of kidney injury, associated with different classes, groups, and particular anti-cancer drugs, and summarize the main data in the tables.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острое повреждение почек</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевые лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>таргетные препараты</kwd><kwd>иммунотерапия</kwd><kwd>acute kidney injury</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>malignancies</kwd><kwd>anti-cancer drugs</kwd><kwd>targeted cancer therapies</kwd><kwd>immunotherapies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosmai L, Porta C, Gallieni M, Perazella MA. 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