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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2021-2-174-184</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-27</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>SARS-CoV-2 инфекция у реципиентов почечного трансплантата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SARS-CoV-2 infection in kidney transplant recipients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kig21@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артюхина</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artyukhina</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Островская</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostrovskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бердинский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berdinsky</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцева</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltseva</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столбова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolbova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурулева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buruleva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калугин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalugin</surname><given-names>E.A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрябина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skryabina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томилина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomilina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубкин</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubkin</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора; ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Moscow City Hospital No. 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Hospital No. 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Hospital No. 52; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistr</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора; ФГБУ "Главный военный клинический госпиталь им. Н.Н. Бурденко МО РФ"; ФГБВОУ ВО "Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky Moscow Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology; N.N. Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital; S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ким И.Г., Артюхина Л.Ю., Фролова Н.Ф., Иванова Е.С., Островская И.В., Бердинский В.А., Виноградов В.Е., Володина Е.В., Мальцева М.Е., Столбова А.А., Бурулева Т.А., Фролов А.В., Калугин Е.А., Скрябина И.А., Титов Д.А., Томилина Н.А., Зубкин М.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ким И.Г., Артюхина Л.Ю., Фролова Н.Ф., Иванова Е.С., Островская И.В., Бердинский В.А., Виноградов В.Е., Володина Е.В., Мальцева М.Е., Столбова А.А., Бурулева Т.А., Фролов А.В., Калугин Е.А., Скрябина И.А., Титов Д.А., Томилина Н.А., Зубкин М.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kim I.G., Artyukhina L.Y., Frolova N.F., Ivanova E.S., Ostrovskaya I.V., Berdinsky V.A., Vinogradov V.E., Volodina E.V., Maltseva M.E., Stolbova A.A., Buruleva T.A., Frolov A.V., Kalugin E., Skryabina I.A., Titov D.A., Tomilina N.A., Zubkin M.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/27">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/27</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования: анализ особенностей клинического течения, факторов риска неблагоприятного исхода и возможностей терапии COVID-19 у реципиентов почечного трансплантата (РПТ). Материалы и методы: в ретроспективное исследование включено 279 РПТ, инфицированных SARS-CoV-2 в период с 1.04.20 по 30.11.20 гг. Возраст больных составил 49,9±10,9 лет (М 60,9%). Диагноз COVID-19 устанавливали на основании идентификации РНК SARS-CoV-2 и/или данных компьютерной томографии (КТ) легких. Факторы риска, ассоциированные с неблагоприятным исходом заболевания, анализировали только в группе стационарных больных. За конечную точку принимали выздоровление пациента либо летальный исход. Результаты: SARS-CoV-2 был идентифицирован у 84,2% РПТ. У 89,6% больных COVID-19 подтвержден данными КТ. Срок инфицирования после трансплантации почки составил 54,0 (14,0; 108,0) мес., у 17,6% РПТ - не превышал 6 мес. У 20,1% РПТ заболевание характеризовалось легким течением, остальным потребовалась госпитализация через 6,8±4,5 сутки после появления его первых симптомов. У 43,1% пациентов этой группы выявлялась тяжелая степень поражения легких (КТ 3-4), а 45,3% - нуждались в респираторной поддержке. Летальный исход констатирован у 31 из 223 (13,9%) госпитализированных больных. Общая летальность составила 11,1%. Причиной смерти в 93,5% случаев был острый респираторный дистресс-синдром (ОРДС). Факторами риска, ассоциированными с фатальным исходом, оказались высокий индекс коморбидности, тяжесть легочного поражения, выраженность дисфункции трансплантата к началу болезни, снижение SpO2 и применение ИВЛ, а также анемия, лейкоцитоз, лимфоцитопения и гипоальбуминемия, повышенные уровни креатинина, АСТ, СРБ, ЛДГ и Д-димера, интерлейкина-6 и прокальцитонина. Pcr за время болезни увеличивался с 171,6±78,0 мкмоль/л до 221,5±121,3 мкмоль/л (p&lt;0,01) при отсутствии эпизодов острого отторжения. 2 РПТ с преддиализной стадией ХПН на момент инфицирования SARS-CoV-2 в стационаре было возобновлено лечение гемодиализом. При анализе эффективности разных вариантов терапии выяснилось, что летальность в группе РПТ, которым проводилось лечение с использованием иммунобиологических препаратов (ИБП) оказалась ниже, чем у пациентов, получавших только ГХ и антибиотики: 11,4%против 25,6%, соответственно, p&lt;0,02. Особенно эффективной оказалась комбинация ИБП с дексаметазоном, на фоне которой частота неблагоприятных исходов снижалась до 4,8%. Многофакторный регрессионный анализ выявил независимое влияние на исход COVID-19 применения ИВЛ и повышения уровня прокальцитонина крови. Таким образом, COVID-19 у РПТ характеризуется тяжелым течением и высокой летальностью, вызывающей необходимость госпитализации большинства инфицированных пациентов. Предикторами неблагоприятного исхода COVID-19 оказались нарастание прокальцитонина и применение ИВЛ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study aimed to assess the clinical course and risk factors for adverse outcomes, as well as the treatment options for COVID-19 in renal transplant recipient (RTR). Patients and methods: a retrospective study included 279 RTRs (M 60.9%, age 49.9±10.9 years), infected with SARS-CoV-2 from 01.04.2020 to 30.11.2020. After confirmation of COVID-19 by PCR and chest СТ, MMF/Аza were canceled. In severe cases, the CNI dose was minimized while that of CS was increased. Observation endpoints: hospital discharge/recovery or death. Results: SARS-CoV-2 was identified in 84.2% of RTRs. In almost 90% of patients, the COVID-19 was confirmed by CT data. Duration after transplantation at the time of infection was 54.0 (14.0; 108.0) months, in 17.6% of cases it was 6 months or less. 223/79.9% RTRs were treated in the hospital. The period from the onset of the disease to the hospitalization was 6.8±4.5 days. Severe lung damage (&gt;50%) occurred in 43.1% RTRs; 45.3% of patients required respiratory support. Hospital mortality was 13.9%, overall mortality was 11.1%. The most common cause of death (93.5%) was acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The risk factors associated with an unfavorable outcome were a high comorbidity index, the severity of the pulmonary lesion, the degree of graft dysfunction at the onset of the disease, decreased SpO2 and the use of mechanical ventilation, as well as anemia, leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia, increased levels of creatinine, AST, CRP, LDH, and D-dimer, interleukin-6 and procalcitonin. Scr during the course of the disease increased from 171.6±78.0 μM to 221.5±121.3 μM (p&lt;0.01) with no signs of acute rejection. In 2 recipients with severe graft failure at the time of infection with SARS-CoV-2, HD was resumed from the moment of hospitalization. We were unable to identify the effect of hydroxychloroquine on the outcome of COVID-19. At the same time, mortality in patients with hydroxychloroquine use was higher than in recipients treated with immunobiological drugs: 25.6% and 11.4%, respectively, p&lt;0.02. When immunomodulators were combined with dexamethasone, mortality decreased to 4.8%. The independent factors of adverse outcome were high levels of procalcitonin (p&lt;0.019) and mechanical ventilation (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: COVID-19 in RTRs is characterized by a severe course and high mortality, which necessitates hospitalization of the majority of infected patients. An increase in procalcitonin levels and the need for mechanical ventilation were independent predictors of an unfavorable outcome of COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>реципиенты почечного трансплантата</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>renal transplant recipients</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">СOVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU); https://coronavirus. jhu.edu/map.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">СOVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU); https://coronavirus. jhu.edu/map.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alfishawy M., Elbendary A., Mohame M., et al. 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