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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2019-4-458-465</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-311</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трансплантация почки от однояйцевого близнеца: состояние вопроса и клиническое наблюдение</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kidney transplantation in identical twins: the state of art and a case report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сушков</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sushkov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sushkov.transpl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астрелина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astrelina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шестеро</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shestero</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осташкин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostashkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мойсюк</surname><given-names>Я. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moysyuk</surname><given-names>Y. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского; ФГБУ Государственный научный центр Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI"); State Research Center Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Государственный научный центр Федеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research Center Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI")</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>458</fpage><lpage>465</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сушков А.И., Астрелина Т.А., Шестеро Е.В., Никитина В.А., Осташкин А.С., Мойсюк Я.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сушков А.И., Астрелина Т.А., Шестеро Е.В., Никитина В.А., Осташкин А.С., Мойсюк Я.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sushkov A.I., Astrelina T.A., Shestero E.V., Nikitina V.A., Ostashkin A.S., Moysyuk Y.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/311">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/311</self-uri><abstract><p>Трансплантация почки, при которой в качестве донора выступает однояйцевый близнец пациента, исключает развитие отторжения трансплантата. Несмотря на то, что в такой ситуации возможен полный отказ от назначения иммуносупрессивных препаратов, по данным зарубежных исследователей более 70% пациентов получали иммуносупрессию на момент выписки, а у 33% терапию продолжали спустя год после операции. Ключевыми вопросами при планировании пересадки почки от близнеца следует считать подтверждение монозиготности близнецов, оценку рисков для донора и выбор стратегии иммуносупрессивной терапии. Рождение в один день, одинаковый пол, идентичные группы крови, отсутствие несовпадений по A-, B- и DR локусам главного комплекса гистосовместимости (HLA) - обязательные, но недостаточные для подтверждения монозиготности признаки при планировании родственной трансплантации. Всему вышеперечисленному с вероятностью около 16% могут соответствовать разнояйцевые однополые сиблинги. В геноме человека широко распространен тип полиморфизма ДНК, который представляет собой тандемно расположенные блоки из 2-10 нуклеотидов с высоким уровнем гетерозиготности. Они легко поддаются генотипированию, а идентичность их вариантов у двух близнецов доказывает их монозиготность. В представленном наблюдении, прежде чем минимизировать и далее отменить иммуносупрессию пациентам был выполнен анализ коротких тандемных повторов ДНК. Через 1,5 года после операции, из которых последние 9 месяцев реципиент не принимает иммуносупрессию функция трансплантата удовлетворительная, лабораторные признаки отторжения или рецидива IgA-нефропатии отсутствуют.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Kidney transplantation among two identical twins precludes graft rejection. Despite this fact, according to recent reports, more than 70% of recipients received immunosuppression at the discharge and 33% therapy was continued a year after transplant. The key issues in planning a renal transplant from twins are confirmation of monozygosity, risk assessment for the donor and choice of immunosuppressive strategy. Same date of birth, gender, identical blood groups, and A-, B- DR- HLA antigens are mandatory, but insufficient to confirm monozygosity when planning transplantation. All of the above with a 16% probability may correspond to dizygotic twins. A type of DNA polymorphism consisted of tandemly arranged blocks of 2 to 10 nucleotides with a high level of heterozygosity, is widespread in the human genome. They are easy to genotype, and the identity of their variants in two twins proves monozygosity. In the presented case, before minimizing and further discontinuation of immunosuppression, donor and recipient were analyzed for short tandem DNA repeats. 1.5 years after transplant, of which the recipient does not receive immunosuppression for the last 9 months, the graft function is stable and there are no laboratory signs of rejection or IgA-nephropathy recurrence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>однояйцевые близнецы</kwd><kwd>короткие тандемные повторы</kwd><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>monozygotic twins</kwd><kwd>microsatellite repeats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Organ Donation and Transplantation Activities 2016. 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