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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/1680-4422-2017-2-255-270</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-368</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сроки начала и другие факторы на старте диализа, влияющие на выживаемость: Санкт-Петербургский регистр пациентов на заместительной почечной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The timing and other dialysis start features associated with survival: St-Petersburg renal replacement therapy register</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земченков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemchenkov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kletk@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишневский</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnevskii</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабодаш</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sabodash</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимчук</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimchuk</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьева</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananieva</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конакова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряснянский</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryasnyansky</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулаева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulaeva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старосельский</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Staroselsky</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимоховская</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timokhovskaya</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исачкина</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isachkina</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислый</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisly</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекетов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beketov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дору-Товт</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doru-Tovt</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Команденко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komandenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавкин</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shavkin</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельченко</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelchenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyanstev</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница» - Городской нефрологический центр; Северо-Западный ГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова; Первый СПб ГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky hospital - City nephrology center; I.I.Mechnikov North-Western State medical university; I.P.Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница» - Городской нефрологический центр; Первый СПб ГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky hospital - City nephrology center; I.P.Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый СПб ГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P.Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница» - Городской нефрологический центр; Северо-Западный ГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky hospital - City nephrology center; I.I.Mechnikov North-Western State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница» - Городской нефрологический центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky hospital - City nephrology center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный ГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I.Mechnikov North-Western State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый СПб ГМУ им. акад. И.П. Павлова; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P.Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State medical university; Saint-Petersburg state university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>255</fpage><lpage>270</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Земченков А.Ю., Вишневский К.А., Сабодаш А.Б., Герасимчук Р.П., Ананьева А.О., Конакова И.Н., Ряснянский В.Ю., Кулаева Н.Н., Старосельский К.Г., Тимоховская Г.Ю., Исачкина А.Н., Кислый П.Н., Жданова И.В., Бекетов В.В., Дору-Товт В.П., Васильев А.Н., Васильева Г.В., Соловьева О.М., Захаров М.В., Антонова Т.В., Команденко С.А., Шавкин А.Л., Омельченко А.М., Румянцев А.Ш., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Земченков А.Ю., Вишневский К.А., Сабодаш А.Б., Герасимчук Р.П., Ананьева А.О., Конакова И.Н., Ряснянский В.Ю., Кулаева Н.Н., Старосельский К.Г., Тимоховская Г.Ю., Исачкина А.Н., Кислый П.Н., Жданова И.В., Бекетов В.В., Дору-Товт В.П., Васильев А.Н., Васильева Г.В., Соловьева О.М., Захаров М.В., Антонова Т.В., Команденко С.А., Шавкин А.Л., Омельченко А.М., Румянцев А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zemchenkov A.Y., Vishnevskii K.A., Sabodash A.B., Gerasimchuk R.P., Ananieva A.O., Konakova I.N., Ryasnyansky V.Y., Kulaeva N.N., Staroselsky K.G., Timokhovskaya G.Y., Isachkina A.N., Kisly P.N., Zhdanova I.V., Beketov V.V., Doru-Tovt V.P., Vasiliev A.N., Vasilieva G.V., Solovieva O.M., Zakharov M.V., Antonova T.V., Komandenko S.A., Shavkin A.L., Omelchenko A.N., Rumyanstev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/368">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/368</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: проанализировать выживаемость диализных пациентов в зависимости от условий начала диализа. Методы: анализ выживаемости пациентов Санкт-Петербургского городского регистра, принятых на диализ в 2009-15 годах. Результаты: из включенных 2548 пациентов 411 начали лечение с перитонеального диализа (ПД) - 16,1%, 1134 (44,5%) - экстренно; 16,7% имели сахарный диабет. В целом, 5-летняя выживаемость составила 68,4%, среди начавших с ПД - выше (p&lt;0,004). Расчетная скорость клубочковой фильтрации (рСКФ) при старте с ГД или ПД не различалась при плановом (8,4±2,7 v. 8,4±2,7) или при экстренном старте (4,5±2,4 v. 4,4±2,4 мл/мин). Экстренный старт с ПД, но не с ГД был связан с увеличением скорректированных рисков после 3 лет лечения (при расчете с 90-ого дня лечения). В скорректированной модели для ГД большая на 1 мл/мин рСКФ (как непрерывная величина) на старте диализа была связана с меньшим на 16% риском смерти (ОР 0,843; 95%ДИ 0,796÷0,892; p&lt;0,001). При разделении СКФ на старте по квинтилям с границами 3,1-4,6-6,3-8,8 мл/мин повышенные риски смерти в сравнении с верхним квинтилем (&gt;8,8) отмечены только для рСКФ&lt;6,3, при включении в модель фактора экстренности начала - только для рСКФ&lt;4,6 мл/мин. Риски смерти были повышены при исходных: анемии (Hb&lt;100 г/л; ОР 1,39; 95%ДИ 1,05÷1,84; p=0,02), гипоальбуминемии (&lt;38 г/л; ОР 1,38; 1,13÷1,68; p=0,001), ферритина&gt;500 мкг/л (ОР 1,25; 1,00÷1,55; p=0,047) - как воспалительного маркера, гиперкальциемии (&gt;2,5 ммоль/л;ОР 1,69; 1,00÷2,86; p=0,049), гиперфосфатемии (&gt;1,78 ммоль/л;ОР 1,63; 1,07÷2,48; p=0,022) или их сочетания (ОР 3,98; 1,67÷9,48; p=0,002). Выводы: пациенты не демонстрируют бóльших рисков летальности, если отложить начало ГД до диапазона рСКФ 8,8-6,3 мл/мин; при исключении фактора экстренного начала риски летальности у пациентов с СКФ 4,6÷6,3 мл/мин не превышают таковых для групп с более высокими уровнями СКФ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: to evaluate the association between survival and patient status at the start of dialysis. Methods: the analysis of survival data in St-Petersburg city RRT register among patients started dialysis in 2009-2015. Results: Among 2548 included patients 411 started RRT with PD (16.1%), 1134 (44.5%) started RRT urgently, 16.7% had diabetes mellitus. 5-year survival was 68.4%, in PD-starters it was higher (p&lt;0,004). Estimated GFR did not differ between PD-starters and HD-starters in groups with scheduled (8.4±2.7 vs. 8.4±2.7) or urgent (4.5±2.4 vs. 4.4±2.4 ml/min) RRT start. Urgent start with PD but not with HD was associated with increased adjusted risk of death after 3 years of dialysis (calculated from 90-th day of dialysis). In adjusted Cox model for HD-starters eGFR (as continuous variable - per 1 ml/min) was associated with reduced death risk by 16% (OR 0.843; 95%CI 0.796÷0.892; p&lt;0.001). The adjusted Cox model for quintiles of eGFR with borders 3.1-4.6-6.3-8.8 ml/min revealed increased risk of death only for eGFR&lt;6.3 compared with upper quintile (&gt;8.8), when urgent start was added as a variable - only for eGFR&lt;4.6 ml/min. The risk was increased for baseline Hb&lt;10 g/dl (OR 1.39; 95%CI 1.05÷1.84; p=0.02), hypoalbuminemia &lt; 3.8 g/dl (OR 1.38; 1.13÷1.68; p=0.001), ferritin&gt;500 μg/l (ОР 1.25; 1.00÷1.55; p=0.047) - as inflammation marker, hypercalcemia &gt;2.5 mmol/l (OR 1.69; 1.00÷2.86; р=0.049), hyperphosphatemia &gt;1.78 mmol/l (OR 1.63; 1.07÷2.48; p=0.022) or both (OR 3.98; 1.67÷9.48; p=0.002). Conclusion: the dialysis delaying up to eGFR 8.8-6.3 ml/min isn`t associated with increased risk of death; while taking in account urgent/scheduled start eGFR 4.6÷6.3 ml/min isn`t associated with increased risk compared higher eGFR levels.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>перитонеальный диализ</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>начало диализа</kwd><kwd>регистр ЗПТ</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>peritoneal dialysis</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>dialysis initiation timing</kwd><kwd>RRT register</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбов Б.Т. Томилина Н.А. Факторы риска смерти больных, впервые начинающих лечение гемодиализом (по данным Регистра Российского диализного общества). Нефрология и диализ 2008. 10(1): 35-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бикбов Б.Т. Томилина Н.А. 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