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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-3732</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль молекулярно-генетического исследования в раннем диагнозе и прогнозе Х-сцепленного синдрома Альпорта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of molecular-genetic investigation in early diagnostic and prognosis of X-linked Alport’s syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цаликова</surname><given-names>Ф. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsalikova</surname><given-names>F. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тверская</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tverskaya</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>МНИИ педиатрии и ДХ МЗ РФ, отдел врожденных и приобретенных заболеваний почек</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2001</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цаликова Ф.Д., Шатохина О.В., Тверская С.М., Игнатова М.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цаликова Ф.Д., Шатохина О.В., Тверская С.М., Игнатова М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsalikova F.D., Shatokhina O.V., Tverskaya S.N., Ignatova M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3732">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3732</self-uri><abstract><p>Синдром Альпорта - это неиммунная гломерулопатия, проявляющаяся гематурией и/или протеинурией, своеобразным строением гломерулярных базальных мембран, нередко - патологией слуха и зрения, а в ряде случаев - хронической почечной недостаточностью. Синдром Альпорта с нарастающей интенсивностью изучается во всем мире в связи с новыми методами ДНК-диагностики. Ввиду генетического полиморфизма этого заболевания необходимо учитывать особенности клинической картины для выбора конкретного молекулярно-генетического метода в случае каждой конкретной семьи. Результаты исследования гена α-5-цепи коллагена IV типа позволяют достоверно диагностировать заболевание в клинически неясных ситуациях, в том числе на доклиническом этапе. Величина и характер генетического дефекта определяет прогноз заболевания в каждом конкретном случае.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alport’s syndrome is a non-immune glomerulopathy which is manifested by hematuria and/or proteinuria, by specific changes in structure of glomerular basal membrane. It is often accompanied by pathology of vision and hearing and sometimes with chronic renal failure. Alport’s syndrome is now intensively studied using modern methods of the DNA-diagnostics. Due to genetic polymorphism of this syndrome, it is necessary to take into account specific clinical pattern to choose a molecular-genetic method appropriate for each family. Results of the study of α-5-chain of the type IV collagen allows to diagnose the syndrome in clinically doubtful cases, i.e. on a pre-clinical stage of the disease. Extent and nature of genetic defect defines the prognosis of the disease in each specific case.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внутригенные маркеры</kwd><kwd>гломерулярная базальная мембрана</kwd><kwd>делеция</kwd><kwd>синдром Альпорта</kwd><kwd>точковая мутация</kwd><kwd>Х-хромосома</kwd><kwd>СOL4A5</kwd><kwd>SSCP</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alport A.C. Hereditary familial congenital haemorrhagic nephritis. Br. Med. J. 1927; 1: 504-506.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alport A.C. 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