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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-3759</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА НЕФРОЛОГА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наиболее частые ошибки диагностики и ведения инфекции мочевых путей (ИМП)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Common errors in diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection. I: Pathophysiology and diagnostic techniques</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франц</surname><given-names>М. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martina</surname><given-names>Franz</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хорл</surname><given-names>У. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Walter</surname><given-names>H. Horl</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2000</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>340</fpage><lpage>347</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Франц М..., Хорл У..., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Франц М..., Хорл У...</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martina F., Walter H.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3759">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3759</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема Инфекция мочевых путей (ИМП) - одно из наиболее частых заболеваний человека, возникающих с рождения и до глубокой старости. От 70% до 50% женщин, по крайней мере хоть раз, перенесли ИМП [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>]. ИМП - является важнейшей причиной сепсиса, вызываемого грам«-» флорой в условиях стационара и после трансплантации почки [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit2">2</xref>]. Врачи общего профиля (терапевты), педиатры, урологи и нефрологи нередко пытаются уточнить, что же такое ИМП. Однако все же имеются большие разногласия, касающиеся определения ИМП, диагностики и лечения. Особенно противоречивыми остаются мнения по поводу значимости низкой бактериурии, бессимптомной ИМП, а также антимикробной терапии. ** Публикуется по согласованию с автором и с разрешения Oxford University Press ** Перевод Л.С. 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