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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-3816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Белково-энергетическая недостаточность у больных с терминальной стадией хронической почечной недостаточности, корригируемой различными видами заместительной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Malnutrition in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Under Hemodialysis or Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барановский</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranovsky</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шостка</surname><given-names>Г. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shostka</surname><given-names>G. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Райхельсон</surname><given-names>К. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raikhelson</surname><given-names>K. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эйдельштейн</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eidelstein</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земченков</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemchenkov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zau@mail.wplus.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврик</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrik</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимчук</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimchiuk</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Кафедра гастроэнтерологии и диетологии Санкт-Петербургской медакадемии последипломного образования, отделение диализа Санкт-Петербургского клинического центра передовых медицинских технологий, кафедра медико-социальной экспертизы Санкт-Петербургского института усовершенствования врачей-экспертов</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>1999</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>1999</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барановский А.Ю., Шостка Г.Д., Райхельсон К.Л., Эйдельштейн В.А., Земченков А.Ю., Гаврик С.Л., Дмитриева Г.Ю., Герасимчук Р.П., 1999</copyright-statement><copyright-year>1999</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барановский А.Ю., Шостка Г.Д., Райхельсон К.Л., Эйдельштейн В.А., Земченков А.Ю., Гаврик С.Л., Дмитриева Г.Ю., Герасимчук Р.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranovsky A.Y., Shostka G.D., Raikhelson K.L., Eidelstein V.A., Zemchenkov A.Y., Gavrik S.L., Dmitrieva G.Y., Gerasimchiuk R.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3816">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3816</self-uri><abstract><p>Нарушения питания у больных, страдающих хронической почечной недостаточностью (ХПН) и получающих почечную заместительную терапию (ПЗТ), имеют важное прогностическое значение, влияя на выживаемость, заболеваемость и уровень реабилитации. Нарушения питания у этих больных обусловлены снижением потребления основных питательных веществ (ухудшение аппетита), потерями белка в диализат при постоянном амбулаторном перитонеальном диализе (ПАПД), изменениями гормонального баланса, гиперкатаболическими процессами, связанными в первую очередь, с диализными перитонитами. В работе изучена частота белково-энергетической недостаточности у 62 больных, лечившихся ПАПД (31 больной) или гемодиализом (ГД) (31 больной). Выявлены основные маркеры нарушения питания и факторы риска последнего. Определена возможность его коррекции диетой. Оценка БЭН основывалась на анализе пищевых дневников, антропометрических измерений, лабораторных параметров. Выделяли общепринятые градации БЭН: маразм, квашиоркор и их сочетание. Нарушения питания наблюдали у 71% пациентов, лечившихся ПАПД и 51,6% пациентов, получавших ГД. Интересно, что у первых наблюдали взаимосвязь между формой БЭН и анемией, а также последующей летальностью, а у пациентов, находящихся на ГД, такая связь не прослеживалась. Подтверждено общепринятое мнение о значительно более высокой частоте белково-энергетических расстройств при ПАПД по сравнению с ГД. Особый риск возникновения БЭН имеется при сахарном диабете, что связано, среди прочих причин, и с анорексией вследствие постоянной реабсорбции глюкозы из диализата. Коррекция пищевого рациона может помочь отчасти компенсировать тяжелые формы БЭН. Обнаружение БЭН имеет высокую прогностическую значимость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Malnutrition in hemodialysis and CAPD patients is widely regarded as a predictor of patients' survival, morbidity. Themain reasons for malnut rition in such patients are decreases in nutritional intake due to uremia, poor appetite related to glucose absorption during CAPD, protein loss through the peritoneal membrane, hormonal disorders and severe hypercatabolism. The purpose of this work was to study the prevalence of malnutrition in 31 hemodialysis and 31 CAPD patients. Malnutrition was assessed by food diaries, antropometric measurements and laboratory parameters. The gradations of malnutrition were standard: marasmus and malignant malnutrition, and combinations thereof. Malnutrition was found in 71% of CAPD and 51.6% of HD patients, occuring particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus. Among CAPD patients, a relationship was discovered between the severity of malnutrition on the one hand, and both anemia and mortality on the other hand. This relationship was absent in HD patients. It is therefore confirmed that malnutrition occurs more frequently in CAPD than in HD patients. Dietary supplementation proved to be of benefit in cases of severe malnutrition.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая почечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>перитонеальный диализ</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>белково-энергетическая недостаточность</kwd><kwd>нутриционный статус</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кучер А.Г. Проблемы лечебного питания у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью. Нефрология 1997; 1: №1, стр. 39-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кучер А.Г. Проблемы лечебного питания у больных с хронической почечной недостаточностью. Нефрология 1997; 1: №1, стр. 39-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Райхельсон К.Л., Земченков А.Ю., Эйдельштейн В.А., Гаврик C.Л., Дмитриева Г.Ю. 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