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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2025-3-295-306</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-3876</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность коррекции нарушений водного баланса с использованием данных мультичастотной биоимпедансной спектроскопии и векторного анализа биоимпеданса у пациентов на гемодиализе: рандомизированное клиническое исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effectiveness of water balance correction disorders by multifrequency bioimpedance spectroscopy and vector analysis of bioimpedance in hemodialysis patients: a randomized clinical trial</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-4711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишневский</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnevskii</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишневский Константин Александрович – канд.мед.наук, заведующий отделением диализа городского нефрологического центра СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница»; ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней, нефрологии, общей и клинической фармакологии с курсом фармации ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова.</p><p>191104, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., 56; 191015, Санкт-Петербург, Кирочная, 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A. Vishnevskii.</p><p>56 Liteiny pr., Saint-Petersburg, 191104; 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vishnevskii2022@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2309-8083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимчук</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimchuk</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герасимчук Роман Павлович – канд.мед.наук, врач отделения диализа городского нефрологического центра СПб ГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница»; ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней, нефрологии, общей и клинической фармакологии с курсом фармации ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова.</p><p>191104, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., 56; 191015, Санкт-Петербург, Кирочная, 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman P. Gerasimchuk.</p><p>56 Liteiny pr., Saint-Petersburg, 191104; 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romger@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1696-642X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дудаш</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dudash</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дудаш Екатерина Сергеевна – врач отделения хронического гемодиализа СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница №15».</p><p>198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Dudash.</p><p>4, Avangardnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katuxa_spb_92@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5387-1270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Ольга Валерьевна – врач отделения хронического гемодиализа СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница №15».</p><p>198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Volkova.</p><p>4, Avangardnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgavolk2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7326-7690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турбасова</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turbasova</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турбасова Елена Павловна – врач отделения хронического гемодиализа СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница №15».</p><p>198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Turbasova.</p><p>4, Avangardnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turbasova.e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4143-269X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролова Екатерина Валентиновна – врач отделения хронического гемодиализа СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница №15».</p><p>198205, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Авангардная, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina V. Frolova.</p><p>4, Avangardnaya str., Saint-Petersburg, 191104</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekat_frolova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБУЗ «Городская Мариинская больница»; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный ГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky Hospital; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State medical university</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница №15»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Hospital No. 15</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>295</fpage><lpage>306</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишневский К.А., Герасимчук Р.П., Дудаш Е.С., Волкова О.В., Турбасова Е.П., Фролова Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишневский К.А., Герасимчук Р.П., Дудаш Е.С., Волкова О.В., Турбасова Е.П., Фролова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnevskii K.A., Gerasimchuk R.P., Dudash E.S., Volkova O.V., Turbasova E.P., Frolova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3876">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/3876</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из перспективных методов оценки статуса гидратации у гемодиализных пациентов является биоимпедансное исследование, однако необходимо уточнение оптимального алгоритма коррекции «сухого» веса по результатам измерения биоимпеданса и анализ эффективности методики, особенно – в отношении твердых исходов.</p></sec><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В одноцентровом открытом рандомизированном исследовании (98 пациентов) оценены непосредственные (динамика веса и перидиализного АД, интрадиализных осложнений: эпизоды гипотоний, интрадиализная гипертензия, судороги) и отдаленные (пятилетняя выживаемость пациентов от точки старта исследования) результаты коррекции сухого веса по клиническим и инструментальным данным в сравнении с коррекцией только по клиническим показателям. Коррекция веса проводилась по разработанному алгоритму с использованием данных мультичастотной биоимпедансной спектроскопии в сочетании с векторным анализом биоимпеданса в течение полугода от старта исследования с последующим пятилетним периодом наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследуемую группу (ИГ) были распределены 51 пациент, в контрольную (КГ) – 47. Исходно группы не различались по основным клинико-лабораторным параметрам. В ИГ по результатам клинического обследования и первого анализа биоимпеданса целевой вес был увеличен у 13 пациентов в среднем на 1,3±0,9 кг, уменьшен у 26 пациентов (-1,1±0,4 кг), у 12 – не изменён. В КГ за трехмесячный период последующего клинического наблюдения (без использования данных биоимпеданса) у 19 пациентов целевой вес увеличился в среднем на 1,3±0,9 кг, у 26 уменьшился (-1,2±0,8 кг), у 2 не изменился. В ИГ в отличие от КГ наблюдалось достоверное снижение общего числа осложнений в месяц: 32 vs. 52 за исходный и третий месяц после обследования (р=0,033), в основном за счет уменьшения числа случаев подъема АД во время процедуры: 15 vs. 34 (р=0,009). В исследуемой группе достигнуто большее снижение артериального давления за время проведения сеанса; размер эффекта в сравнении с контрольной группой составил 5,3 мм рт.ст. (р=0,04). В исследуемой группе более половины (65%) пациентов не потребовали повторной коррекции целевого веса через три месяца. Показана лучшая пятилетняя выживаемость пациентов в ИГ (χ2=4,096; р=0,043), при этом в ИГ активная дегидратация не сопровождалась худшей выживаемостью (χ2=2,454; р=0,117) в сравнении с сохранением или увеличением целевого веса.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Использование комплексного алгоритма коррекции «сухого» веса, включающего определение расчетного коэффициента гипергидратации и векторный анализ биоимпеданса, с учетом клинических признаков нарушения гидратационного статуса, может способствовать снижению частоты осложнений, снижению выраженности артериальной гипертензии и повышению гемодинамической стабильности во время процедуры, а также улучшению выживаемости пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Bioimpedance is a promising method for assessing hydration status in hemodialysis patients. However, the optimal algorithm for "dry" weight correction and its effectiveness – particularly with respect to hard outcomes – remains to be clarified.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. In a single-center, open-label randomized trial involving 98 patients, we evaluated both the short-term (weight dynamics, peridialysis blood pressure, and intradialysis complications) and long-term outcomes (five-year survival from study initiation) of dry weight correction guided by clinical and instrumental data compared with correction based solely on clinical indicators. Weight correction was performed according to a newly developed algorithm incorporatinh multi-frequency bioimpedance spectroscopy and vector bioimpedance analysis for six months, followed by a five-year observation period.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 51 patients were assigned to study group (SG), and 47 to the control group (CG). Baseline clinical and laboratory parameters did no differ between the groups. In the SG, target weight increased in 13 patients by 1.3±0.9 kg, decreased in 26 patients (-1.1±0.4 kg), and remained unchanged in 12. In the CG, during the three-month follow-up period, target weight increased in 19 patients (1.3±0.9 kg), decreased in 26 (-1.2±0.8 kg), and remained unchanged in 2. The SG demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of complications per month (32 vs. 52, p=0.033), primary due to a reduction in intradialysis hypertension (15 vs. 34, p=0.009). A greater intradialytic blood pressure decrease was achieved in the SG; an effect size of 5.3 mmHg compared to CG (p=0.04). Moreover, 65% of SG patients did not require a second adjustment of target weight. Five-year survival rate was significantly higher in the in SG (χ2=4.096; p=0.043). Active dehydration was not associated with reduced survival compared with maintaining or increasing target weight (χ2=2.454, p=0.117).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A comprehensive algorithm for "dry" weight correction – incorporating a calculated hyperhydration coefficient, bioimpedance spectroscopy with vector analysis, and clinical signs of impaired hydration – can reduce the complications rates and the hypertension severity, improve hemodynamic stability during dialysis, and enhance patient survival.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биоимпедансная спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>векторный анализ биоимпеданса</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>гипергидратация</kwd><kwd>интрадиализные осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bioimpedance spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>vector analysis of bioimpedance</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>hyperhydration</kwd><kwd>intradialysis complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wizemann V, Wabel P, Chamney P et al. 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