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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2026-2-213-226</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-4009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кожный зуд и его влияние на качество жизни у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек, находящихся на гемодиализе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus on quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0358-1528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемешевская</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemeshevskaya</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лемешевская Ольга Игоревна – студентка Медицинского института СПбГУ.</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., 7/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lemeshevskaia Olga</p><p>7/9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga162002@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-6654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкач</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkach</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Толкач Алексей Дмитриевич – врач-нефролог отделения нефрологии и диализа Клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова СПбГУ.</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, набережная реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tolkach Alexey - Department of nephrology and dialysis</p><p>154, Fontanka emb., Saint-Petersburg, 198103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ab2769@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3625-1824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паршина Екатерина Викторовна – канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделением нефрологии и диализа Клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова СПбГУ, ассистент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней Медицинского института СПбГУ.</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, набережная реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Parshina Ekaterina - Department of nephrology and dialysis</p><p>154, Fontanka emb., Saint-Petersburg, 198103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pannn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-8129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никитина Татьяна Павловна – канд.мед.наук, врач-методист отдела мониторинга качества жизни Клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова СПбГУ.</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, набережная реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikitina Tatiana - Department of quality-of-life monitoring</p><p>154, Fontanka emb., Saint-Petersburg, 198103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tnikitina_74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-7887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zulkarnaev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зулькарнаев Алексей Батыргараевич – профессор, д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры трансплантологии и искусственных органов ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского».</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey B. Zulkarnaev</p><p>61/2, Shchepkina str, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7059899@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-9086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тутин</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tutin</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тутин Алексей Павлович – врач-нефролог, заведующий ООО «Купчинский центр амбулаторного диализа».</p><p>192102, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бухарестская, 8А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tutin Alexey</p><p>8A, Bukharestskaya str., Saint Petersburg, 192102</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kupchino.dialysis@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0675-1566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лисова Мария Николаевна – врач-нефролог отделения нефрологии и диализа Клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова СПбГУ.</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, набережная реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lisova Mariya - Department of nephrology and dialysis</p><p>154, Fontanka emb., Saint-Petersburg, 198103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariya19960921@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-5286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ионова Татьяна Ивановна – профессор, д-р биол. наук, руководитель отдела мониторинга качества жизни Клиники высоких медицинских технологий имени Н.И. Пирогова СПбГУ.</p><p>198103, Санкт-Петербург, набережная реки Фонтанки, 154</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ionova Tatiana - Department of quality-of-life monitoring</p><p>154, Fontanka emb., Saint-Petersburg, 198103</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tation16@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Медицинский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Surgery Department of Kidney Transplantation, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Купчинский центр амбулаторного диализа»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kupchino outpatient dialysis unit (LLC)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>213</fpage><lpage>226</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лемешевская О.И., Толкач А.Д., Паршина Е.В., Никитина Т.П., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Тутин А.П., Лисова М.Н., Ионова Т.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лемешевская О.И., Толкач А.Д., Паршина Е.В., Никитина Т.П., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Тутин А.П., Лисова М.Н., Ионова Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lemeshevskaya O.I., Tolkach A.D., Parshina E.V., Nikitina T.P., Zulkarnaev A.B., Tutin A.P., Lisova M.N., Ionova T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/4009">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/4009</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность исследования. Кожный зуд, ассоциированный с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП), может значимо снижать качество жизни пациентов, оказывая влияние на их психоэмоциональное состояние и сон, а также увеличивать риск госпитализаций и смертности. В России эта проблема остается малоизученной.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить распространенность зуда и его влияние на различные аспекты качества жизни в российской когорте пациентов с ХБП, получающих заместительную почечную терапию (ЗПТ) гемодиализом.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В поперечное исследование были включены 225 пациентов двух диализных центров со стажем ЗПТ более 3 месяцев. В качестве инструментов для оценки наличия и тяжести зуда при ХБП использовались опросники WI-NRS, Skindex-16, Itch MOS и 5D-шкала Elman.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У 52% пациентов был выявлен зуд, ассоциированный с ХБП, при этом у 16% [95% ДИ: 11; 21] – зуд от средней до очень тяжелой степени (WI-NRS ≥4). Зуд чаще затрагивал области спины (53%), головы (35%), голеней (32%) и бедер (25%) Пациенты с зудом при ХБП, а в особенности с зудом от средней до очень тяжелой степени, демонстрировали более выраженные нарушения сна: индекс проблем со сном SPI-II составил 13.3 [Q1-Q3: 0.0; 33.3] у пациентов без зуда, 20 [6.7; 33.3] у пациентов с зудом умеренной степени и 33.3 [20.0; 60.0] с зудом средне-тяжелой степени (p=0.001). Пациенты с зудом средне-тяжелой степени демонстрировали более высокие результаты по общему баллу и субшкалам шкалы Skindex-16 по сравнению с пациентами с умеренным зудом: 20.7 [8.9; 35.3] vs 7.4 [2.8; 15.5] для общего балла (p&lt;0.001), 14.3 [2.4; 47.6] vs 5.2 [0.0; 16.7] для эмоциональной субшкалы (p&lt;0.001) и 31.3 [12.5; 50.0] vs 12.5 [4.2; 20.8] для симптоматической (p&lt;0.001). Общий балл шкалы 5D Elman также был выше у пациентов с ХБП-ассоциированным зудом, в особенности с зудом от средней до очень тяжелой степени: 6.0 [5.0; 8.0] у пациентов без зуда, 10.0 [8.0; 11.0] у пациентов с умеренным зудом и 13.0 [11.0; 15.0] у пациентов с зудом средне-тяжелой степени (p&lt;0.001). Пациенты с зудом характеризовались более высокими показателями креатинина: 804.8 (217.4) мкмоль/л vs 727.8 (197.8) мкмоль/л у пациентов без зуда, p=0.0091.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Зуд при ХБП широко распространен в российской когорте пациентов на программном гемодиализе. Пациенты с кожным зудом, в особенности выраженной степени, демонстрируют снижение общего качества жизни и нарушение его различных аспектов (сон, ограничение повседневной активности, эмоциональный фон).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) can significantly impair quality of life by negatively affecting patient psycho-emotional well-being and sleep quality, while also increasing the risk of hospitalizations and mortality. In Russia, this issue remains understudied.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the prevalence of pruritus and its impact on various aspects of quality of life in a Russian cohort of patients with CKD receiving maintenance hemodialysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The cross-sectional study included 225 patients from two dialysis centers with who has been receiving hemodialysis for more than 3 months. The presence and severity of CKD-aP were assessed using the following validated instruments: WI-NRS, Skindex-16, Itch MOS, and the 5-D Itch Scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. CKD-aP was identified in 52% of the patients, with 16% [95% CI: 11; 21] experiencing moderate-to-very severe pruritus (WI-NRS ≥4). The most commonly affected body areas were the back (53%), head (35%), shins (32%), and thighs (25%). Patients with CKD-aP, particularly those with moderate-to-severe pruritus, demonstrated more pronounced sleep disturbances. Sleep Problem Index II (SPI-II) scores were 13.3 [Q1-Q3: 0.0; 33.3] in patients without pruritus, 20 [6.7; 33.3] in those with mild pruritus, and 33.3 [20.0; 60.0] in those with moderate-to-severe pruritus (p=0.001). Patients with moderate-to-severe pruritus also had significantly higher Skindex-16 total and subscales score compared to those with mild pruritus: total score 20.7 [8.9; 35.3] vs. 7.4 [2.8; 15.5] (p&lt;0.001), emotional subscale 14.3 [2.4; 47.6] vs. 5.2 [0.0; 16.7] (p&lt;0.001), and symptomatic subscale 31.3 [12.5; 50.0] vs. 12.5 [4.2; 20.8] (p&lt;0.001). The total score on the 5-D Itch Scale was also higher in patients with CKD-aP, particularly in the moderate-to-severe group: 6.0 [5.0; 8.0] in patients without pruritus, 10.0 [8.0; 11.0] in those with mild pruritus, and 13.0 [11.0; 15.0] in those with moderate-to-severe pruritus (p&lt;0.001). Patients with pruritus had higher creatinine levels: 804.8 (217.4) μmol/L vs. 727.8 (197.8) μmol/L in patients without pruritus, p=0.0091.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. CKD-aP is highly prevalent in a Russian cohort of patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Patients with pruritus, particularly of severe pruritus, experience substantial impairment in overall quality of life and across multiple domains, including sleep, daily activities, and emotional well-being.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>диализ</kwd><kwd>зуд</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>опросник</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>dialysis</kwd><kwd>pruritus</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>questionnaire</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang CCY, Wu HHL, Ponnusamy A et al. Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update. Allergies. 2022;2(3): 87-105. DOI: 10.3390/allergies2030009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang CCY, Wu HHL, Ponnusamy A et al. Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update. Allergies. 2022;2(3): 87-105. 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