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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-427</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ШКОЛА НЕФРОЛОГА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гемодиализ и сердце: вопросов больше, чем ответов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hemodialysis and heart: more questions than answers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зелтынь-Абрамов</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zeltyn-Abramov</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ezeltyn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потешкина</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potheshkina</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрусев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrusev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белавина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belavina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФДПО ГБОУ ВПО РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова МЗ РФ; ГБУЗ «ГКБ №52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU); Moscow City Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФДПО ГБОУ ВПО РНИМУ им. Н.И.Пирогова МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова»; ГБУЗ «ГКБ №52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Moscow City Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ №52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зелтынь-Абрамов Е.М., Потешкина Н.Г., Андрусев А.М., Белавина Н.И., Соколова Н.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зелтынь-Абрамов Е.М., Потешкина Н.Г., Андрусев А.М., Белавина Н.И., Соколова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zeltyn-Abramov E.M., Potheshkina N.G., Andrusev A.M., Belavina N.I., Sokolova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/427">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/427</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены современные данные по заболеваемости и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) пациентов, находящихся на программном гемодиализе (ПГД). Согласно литературным данным, к концу первого года ПГД умирает примерно каждый пятый пациент, в структуре летальности лидирующее место занимают ССЗ и их осложнения. Высокая сердечная смертность является следствием сочетания традиционных и нетрадиционных факторов риска развития ССЗ у диализной популяции больных. Нетрадиционные факторы риска представляют собой совокупность токсико-метаболических и гемодинамических воздействий на миокард, обусловленных как поражением почек, так и проводимой заместительной терапией. С позиции кардиолога особый интерес представляют ПГД-ассоциированные факторы риска ССЗ, среди которых самого пристального изучения заслуживают: гемодинамический синдиализный стресс, гемодиализ-индуцированная ишемия миокарда, гипергидратация, легочная гипертензия, интра- и постдиализная гипотензия, сердечная недостаточность с высоким сердечным выбросом и динамическая внутрижелудочковая обструкция. Все вышеперечисленные феномены обладают прямым повреждающим действием на миокард и приводят к усугублению сердечной недостаточности. Заявленные проблемы диктуют необходимость выработки определенной методологии оценки исходного кардиологического статуса пациентов на ПГД и его последующего мониторинга. Авторы предлагают на междисциплинарном уровне подходы к решению обозначенных проблем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern data on cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD) are described. According to published data, approximately one of five patients die by the end of the first year of CHD. High CV mortality of dialysis population is a consequence of a combination of traditional and non-traditional risk factors. Non-traditional risk factors are represented by set of toxico-metabolic and hemodynamic effects of renal damage load on myocardium and CHD per se. For a cardiologist, CHD-associated CV risk factors are the subject of particular interest. Among them hemodynamic syndialysis stress, CHD-induced myocardial ischemia, overload, intra/post-dialysis hypotension, high output heart failure and dynamic intraventricular obstruction should be mentioned. All these phenomena cause direct myocardial injury and aggravation of heart failure. The problems listed dictate the need to develop a definite methodology of an initial assessment and follow up of cardiac status of CHD-patients. Authors propose interdisciplinary approaches to the above-mentioned problems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>программный гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая смертность</kwd><kwd>ГД-ассоциированные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</kwd><kwd>междисциплинарный подход</kwd><kwd>chronic hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular mortality</kwd><kwd>HD-associated CV risk factors</kwd><kwd>interdisciplinary approach</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбов Б. Т., Томилина Н. А. Факторы риска смерти больных, впервые начинающих лечение гемодиализом (по данным Регистра Российского диализного общества). Нефрология и диализ. 2008. 10(1): 35-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бикбов Б. Т., Томилина Н. А. 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