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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль почек в поддержании кислотно-щелочного равновесия организма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kidneys in maintaining of acid-base balance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багров</surname><given-names>Я. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagrov</surname><given-names>Y. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манусова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manusova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">manusova.nat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov Institution of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>171</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Багров Я.Ю., Манусова Н.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Багров Я.Ю., Манусова Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bagrov Y.Y., Manusova N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/430">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/430</self-uri><abstract><p>Организм - это единое целое, и работа всех систем взаимосвязано обеспечивает выполнение задач по созданию и поддержанию гомеостаза. В норме pH плазмы крови и внеклеточной жидкости поддерживается в очень узких пределах, создавая оптимальные условия для нормального функционирования. Для поддержания кислотно-щелочного равновесия существуют различные буферные системы, рабочее состояние которых поддерживается физиологическими механизмами организма. В зависимости от основания буферные системы можно разделить на три основные: бикарбонатная, фосфатная, белковая. Для восстановления истощенных буферных систем включаются физиологические механизмы: быстродействующие - легкие и гемоглобин; и долгосрочные - почки и печень. В проксимальном канальце почечного нефрона изоосмотично реабсорбируется до 70% профильтровавшегося бикарбоната. Подкисление мочи (удаление водородного иона из организма) происходит в дистальных отделах нефрона и собирательных трубках, в основном благодаря работе противоточно-множительной системы (П-МС) почки. Этиология ацидоза и алкалоза может быть и почечной, и внепочечной, но в любых ситуациях на почки ложится большая часть работы по восстановлению кислотно-щелочного равновесия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The body is a single entity, and many interconnected systems are working together, creating and maintaining homeostasis. Normal pH of blood plasma and extracellular fluid are sustained in very narrow limits, providing optimal conditions for normal functioning of the body. There are several buffer systems, maintaining acid-base balance. Depending on the base, buffer systems can be divided into three main groups: bicarbonate, phosphate and protein. The restoration of exhausted buffer systems includes numerous physiological mechanisms: fast-acting - lungs and the hemoglobin; and long-acting - kidneys and liver. Proximal tubule of the renal nephron reabsorbs by isoosmotic transport up to 70% pre-filtered bicarbonate. Acidification of the urine (removal of hydrogen ion from the body) occurs in the distal nephron and collecting tubes mainly due to the work of countercurrent-multiplying system of the kidney. The etiology of acidosis and alkalosis can be renal and extrarenal, but under any condition the kidneys bear most of the work on the restoration of the acid-base balance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почки</kwd><kwd>кислотно-щелочной баланс</kwd><kwd>kidney</kwd><kwd>acid-base balance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Конрад М. Тубулопатии. Детская нефрология. Практическое руководство. Ред. Э Лойман, А.Н. Цыгин, АА. Саркисян. М. Литтера, 2010. 220-230</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Конрад М. Тубулопатии. Детская нефрология. Практическое руководство. Ред. Э Лойман, А.Н. Цыгин, АА. Саркисян. М. 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