nidНефрология и диализNephrology and Dialysis1680-44222618-9801Российское диализное обществоnid-480Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESПрименение циклоспорина а для лечения нефротических типов хронических гломерулонефритов - болезни минимальных изменений и фокального сегментарного гломерулосклерозаCyclosporin a usage for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome in glomerulonephrytes - minimal changes disease and focal segmental glomeruosclerosisРуденкоЕ. В.RudenkoE. V.alenakalyanova@mail.ruТомилинаН. А.TomilinaN. A.noemail@neicon.ruЗахароваЕ. В.ZakarovaE. V.noemail@neicon.ruМосковский Государственный Медико-стоматологический Университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; City Clinical Hospital #52 of Moscow City Health DepartmentRussian FederationФГБУ ФНЦ Трансплантологии и искусственных органов им. академика В.И. Шумакова Московский Государственный Медико-стоматологический Университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница №52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»РоссияFederal Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs n.a. V.I. Shumakov; Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; City Clinical Hospital #52 of Moscow City Health DepartmentRussian FederationМосковский Государственный Медико-стоматологический Университет им. А.И. Евдокимова; ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени С.П. Боткина» Департамента Здравоохранения г. МосквыРоссияMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; City Clinical Hospital n.a. S.P. BotkinRussian Federation201522082024172156172Copyright © Руденко Е.В., Томилина Н.А., Захарова Е.В., 20242024Руденко Е.В., Томилина Н.А., Захарова Е.В.Rudenko E.V., Tomilina N.A., Zakarova E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/480

В настоящее время применение Циклоспорина А (ЦcА) является признанным методом лечения нефротических вариантов гломерулонефритов (ГН), в основе которых лежит повреждение подоцитов. Этот препарат занял общепризнанное место в лечении БМИ и ФСГС, при которых он используется чаще всего в комбинации с кортикостероидами (ГКС) и рекомендуется, главным образом, при ГКС-рефрактерности либо при непереносимости или наличии противопоказаний к ГКС. Кроме того, применение ЦсА предлагается для поддержания ремиссии нефротического синдрома (НС), достигнутой ГКС-терапией, а также для профилактики и/или лечения рецидивов заболевания. В обзоре представлены общие сведения и механизмы действия ЦсА на Т-лимфоциты (иммуносупрессивный эффект), на неиммунные клетки и непосредственно на подоцит (антипротеинурический эффект). Считается, что эффективность ЦсА при лечении НС у пациентов с ФСГС связана с ингибицией кальцинейрин-обусловленного дефосфорилирования и уменьшением распада белка синаптоподина, результатом чего является стабилизация подоцитарного актинового цитоскелета, повреждаемого, в частности, факторами проницаемости, особенно при наличии определенной генетической предрасположенности. В данной статье приводится обзор литературы по применению ЦсА в лечении нефротических видов гломерулонефритов - болезни минимальных изменений и фокальном сегментарном гломерулосклерозе.

Last decades Сyclosporin A (CsA) is widely used for treatment of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in patients with several types of glomerulonephritis, mainly those with predominantly podocyte damage. Currently CsA became a useful treatment option for minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), often applied in combination with steroids. CsA is recommended also for steroid-resistant NS or in cases when steroids are contraindicated or not well tolerated. Furthermore, CsA is used to maintain steroid-induced NS remission in steroid-sensitive NS in order to prevent relapses, and also for treatment of relapses. Here we present a review tackling the issues of GN pathogenesis and classification, and CsA influence on T-lymphocytes (immunosuppressive effect), non-immune cells and directly on podocytes (antiproteinuric effect), as actually CsA efficacy in FSGS is referred mostly to inhibition of calcineurin-dependent dephosphorylating and stabilization of podocytes cytoskeleton components, including sinaptopodyn, damaged by permeability factor. We also present available data concerning usage of CsA for treatment of MCD and FSGS.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.