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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2022-2-339-348</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-70</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дефицит глюкозо-6-фосфатдегидрогеназной активности при развитии контраст-индуцированного острого повреждения почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жерегеля</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheregelya</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sgeregely@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глушков</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glushkov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпищенко</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpishchenko</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov First State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>339</fpage><lpage>348</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жерегеля С.Н., Глушков С.И., Карпищенко А.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жерегеля С.Н., Глушков С.И., Карпищенко А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zheregelya S.N., Glushkov S.I., Karpishchenko A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/70">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/70</self-uri><abstract><p>Глюкозо-6-фосфатдегидрогеназа является ключевым ферментом пентозофосфатного пути и основным источником восстановленной формы никотинамид-аденин-динуклеотид-фосфата (НАДФН). НАДФН - ведущий клеточный восстановитель, играющий центральную роль в выживании клеток. В проведенном исследовании на 200 белых беспородных крысах-самцах определяли динамику изменений концентрации восстановленного глутатиона, малонового диальдегида, а также активности ферментов антиоксидантной защиты (глюкозо-6-фосфатдегидрогеназы, глутатионпероксидазы, глутатионредуктазы и каталазы) в тканях почек и в эритроцитах лабораторных животных в условиях интоксикации рентгеноконтрастным препаратом. Установлено, что применение неионного рентгеноконтрастного препарата «омнипак-350» (йогексол) в средне-смертельной дозе ведет к дефициту активности глюкозо-6-фосфатдегидрогеназы, снижению уровня НАДФН и повреждению ткани почек и эндотелиальных клеток. Дефицит НАДФН в свою очередь может отразиться на глутатионредуктазной активности, так как этот фермент использует НАДФН для преобразования окисленного глутатиона в восстановленный. Относительная недостаточность восстановленного глутатиона, который является основным низкомолекулярным поглотителем свободных радикалов и субстратом глутатион-пероксидазной реакции, ведет к дисбалансу в сторону прооксидантных процессов. В эритроцитах и тканях почек крыс на фоне введения рентгеноконтрастного препарата отмечалась активация окислительного стресса в виде снижения концентрации восстановленного глутатиона и активности ферментов антирадикальной защиты, а также в виде увеличения содержания продуктов перекисного окисления липидов. Данные сдвиги активности ферментов антиоксидантной защиты (каталазы, глутатионпероксидазы и глутатионредуктазы) в тканях почек животных на фоне применения рентгеноконтрастного препарата следует рассматривать как характерные признаки истощения адаптационных резервов клетки. Тенденция к увеличению содержания креатинина и мочевины в плазме крови отравленных животных, свидетельствующая о снижении функциональной активности нефронов, и морфологическое исследование тканей почек, позволившее выявить признаки активации апоптоза в почечной ткани, послужили подтверждением адекватности выбранной экспериментальной модели на животных для изучения механизмов развития контраст-индуцированного острого повреждения почек. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод о том, что снижение активности Г-6-ФДГ может служить пусковым фактором активации свободнорадикальных процессов, играющих важную роль в развитии контраст-индуцированного острого повреждения почек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway and the main source of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). NADPH is a leading cellular reducing agent that plays a central role in cell survival. In a study conducted on 200 white mongrel male rats, the dynamics of changes in the concentration of reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, as well as the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase) in kidney tissues and erythrocytes of laboratory animals under the conditions of intoxication with an X-ray contrast preparation were determined. It was found that the use of the nonionic radiopaque drug omnipak-350 (yogexol) in an average lethal dose leads to a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, a decrease in NADPH level, and damage to kidney tissue and endothelial cells. NADPH deficiency, in turn, can affect glutathione reductase activity since this enzyme uses NADPH to convert oxidized glutathione into reduced. The relative insufficiency of reduced glutathione, which is the main low-molecular-weight free radical scavenger and substrate of the glutathione peroxidase reaction, leads to an imbalance in pro-oxidant processes. In the erythrocytes and kidney tissues of rats, against the background of the introduction of the radiopaque drug, activation of oxidative stress was noted in the form of a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione and the activity of antiradical protection enzymes, as well as an increase in the content of lipid peroxidation products. These shifts in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) in animal kidney tissues against the background of the use of radiopaque preparation should be considered as characteristic signs of depletion of adaptive reserves of the cell. The tendency to increase the content of creatinine and urea in the blood plasma of poisoned animals, indicating a decrease in the functional activity of nephrons, and morphological examination of kidney tissues, which revealed signs of activation of apoptosis in renal tissue, served as confirmation of the adequacy of the selected experimental model on animals to study the mechanisms of development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury. The results obtained allow us to conclude that a decrease in the activity of G-6-FDG can serve as a trigger factor for the activation of free radical processes that play an important role in the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глюкозо-6-фосфатдегидрогеназа</kwd><kwd>пентозофосфатный путь</kwd><kwd>контраст-индуцированное острое повреждение почек</kwd><kwd>почка</kwd><kwd>белые беспородные крысы</kwd><kwd>glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase</kwd><kwd>pentose phosphate pathway</kwd><kwd>contrast-induced acute kidney injury</kwd><kwd>kidney</kwd><kwd>white mongrel rats</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pattharanitima P., Tasanarong A. Pharmacological Strategies to Prevent Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. 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