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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2024-3-303-318</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-710</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тактика ведения тяжелого АНЦА-ассоциированного гломерулонефрита: сравнение международных рекомендаций и обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Management of severe ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis: comparison of international recommendations and narrative review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7674-8643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыкова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зыкова Анастасия Сергеевна – канд. мед. наук, врач клинико-диагностического отделения;  ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней</p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5</p><p>119991, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 27, корп. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, 2nd Botkinsky drive, 125284, Moscow </p><p>27/1, Lomonosovsky av, 119991, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ansezy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-7549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Елена Викторовна – канд. мед. наук, заведующая нефрологическим отделением №24, ст.н.с., доцент кафедры нефрологии и гемодиализа; доцент кафедры нефрологии </p><p>125284, Москва, 2-й Боткинский проезд, д. 5 </p><p>123995, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1 </p><p>127006, Москва, ул. Долгоруковская, 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5, 2nd Botkinsky drive, 125284, Moscow </p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., 123995, Moscow </p><p>20, Delegatskaya Str., bld. 1, 127473, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">helena.zakharova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ “Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр Боткинская больница” ДЗМ ; ФФМ Московский Государственный Университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital ; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ “Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр Боткинская больница” ДЗМ ; ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России ; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Botkin Hospital ; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of Russian Federation Ministry of Health ; Russian University of Health of Russian Federation Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>303</fpage><lpage>318</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зыкова А.С., Захарова Е.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зыкова А.С., Захарова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zykova A.S., Zakharova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/710">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/710</self-uri><abstract><p>Тяжелое поражение почек при АНЦА-ассоциированном васкулите остается серьезной проблемой для практикующего врача ввиду сложности определения самого термина и ограниченной доказательной базы, что связано с исключением пациентов с наиболее тяжелым поражением почек из большинства протоколов клинических исследований. Обсуждаемые в данном обзоре рекомендации ACR/VF, EULAR и KDIGO призваны ответить на вопросы, возникающие при ведении этой категории пациентов, однако ряд рекомендательных позиций, касающихся как индукционной, так и поддерживающей терапии, отличаются между документами, что с одной стороны повышает возможность выбора схем лечения, а с другой – увеличивает неопределенность их ожидаемого эффекта. Важную роль в идентификации пациентов с благоприятным и неблагоприятным почечным прогнозом играет биопсия почки, своевременное выполнение которой необходимо не только для подтверждения диагноза, но для решения вопроса об интенсификации терапии в случае выявления активных изменений и, наоборот, ее прекращении при выявлении преобладания хронических изменений и потребности в постоянной заместительной почечной терапии в отсутствии экстраренальных проявлений. В настоящее время разработано несколько шкал для оценки поражения почек при АНЦА-ассоциированных васкулитах, включающих целый рад гистологических параметров. Сохраняются противоречия в отношении дозировок глюкокортикоидов и выбора циклофосфамида или ритуксимаба для индукционной терапии и в отношении совместного применения этих препаратов. Наиболее противоречивым до настоящего времени остается вопрос о показаниях к применению плазмообменов, роль которых все еще не определена. Новые возможности лечения АНЦА-ассоциированных нефритов, связанные с применением комплемент-блокирующей терапии, вероятно смогут обеспечить улучшение прогноза при тяжелом поражении почек, принимая во внимание максимальный восстановительный эффект в отношении почечной функции именно для этой категории пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Severe kidney injury in ANCA-associated vasculitis remains a major challenge for healthcare practitioners due to the difficulty in defining the term and the limitations in the evidence base associated with the exclusion of the most severely ill patients from majority of clinical trial protocols. The ACR/VF, EULAR, and KDIGO recommendations intended to answer the questions regarding the management of this patient’s population, but some recommendations on both initial and supportive therapy, provided be the expert panels, differ, which increase the number of treatment options, but also leads to the uncertainty of the expected effect of the treatment. Kidney biopsy plays an important role in identifying patients with a favorable and unfavorable kidney prognosis. Timely histological assessment is necessary not only to confirm the diagnosis, but also to decide whether to intensify therapy if active changes are detected, or, conversely, to discontinue immunosuppressive treatment and switch to renal replacement therapy if chromic changes dominate and the extrarenal manifestations are quiescent. Several scoring systems for assessing kidney damage and risks in the in ANCA-associated vasculitis were proposed during the last decade. Glucocorticoid’s dosing and the choice between cyclophosphamide and rituximab for the initial therapy remains controversial, and the most controversial issue to date remain the indications for the plasma exchange usage. New treatment options for ANCA-associated nephritis, such as the usage of complementblocking therapy are likely to improve the prognosis for the patients with severe renal damage, taking into account the maximum effect on renal function restoration in this particular category.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>васкулит ассоциированный с антителами к цитоплазме нейтрофилов</kwd><kwd>гломерулонефрит</kwd><kwd>быстро прогрессирующий гломерулонефрит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis</kwd><kwd>glomerulonephritis</kwd><kwd>rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jennette J.C. Overview of the 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference nomenclature of vasculitides. 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