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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nid</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нефрология и диализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nephrology and Dialysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1680-4422</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-9801</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Российское диализное общество</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28996/2618-9801-2022-3-441-456</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nid-80</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ATTR-амилоидоз - системное заболевание с вовлечением почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ATTR-amyloidosis - a systemic disease involving the kidneys</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аниконова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anikonova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">anikonovaspb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакулина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakulina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Национальный центр клинической морфологической диагностики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Centre of Clinical Morphological Diagnostics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>441</fpage><lpage>456</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аниконова Л.И., Воробьева О.А., Бакулина Н.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аниконова Л.И., Воробьева О.А., Бакулина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anikonova L.I., Vorobyeva O.A., Bakulina N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/80">https://journal.nephro.ru/jour/article/view/80</self-uri><abstract><p>ATTR-амилоидоз (транстиретиновый амилоидоз) - прогрессирующее смертельное заболевание, характеризующееся накоплением транстиретинового амилоида преимущественно в периферической нервной системе (соматической и вегетативной) и сердце, а также в почках, желудочно-кишечном тракте, глазных яблоках, связках, что нарушает нормальную функцию органов и систем. Наследственная форма ATTR-амилоидоза, или ATTRv-амилоидоз, встречается во всем мире и отличается широкой генетической и фенотипической гетерогенностью, вследствие чего распознается поздно. Почки являются потенциальным органом-мишенью при ATTRv-амилоидозе. Клинически нефропатия проявляется альбуминурией, протеинурией, нефротическим синдромом или снижением функции почек. Нефролог может принять участие в диагностике амилоидной нефропатии/ATTRv-амилоидоза у пациента с симптомами поражения почек в эндемичном регионе или с семейным анамнезом ATTRv-амилоидоза, а также, что сложнее - в диагностике спорадического случая ATTRv-амилоидоза, когда симптомы нефропатии выявлены у пациента в неэндемичном регионе без известного семейного анамнеза амилоидоза. Диагностика амилоидоза, особенно спорадических случаев, требует от нефролога знания специфических симптомов, так называемых «красных флагов» ATTR-амилоидоза, позволяющих заподозрить амилоидоз, и методов подтверждения диагноза. Биопсия почки при наличии нефропатии является золотым стандартом в диагностике амилоидоза. Окрашивание образцов биопсии Конго-красным и последующая визуализация яблочно-зеленого свечения окрашенных масс в поляризованном свете имеют решающее значение для гистологического подтверждения диагноза амилоидоза. Иммунногистохимический анализ используется для типирования амилоида. Менее доступными методами типирования являются масс-спектрометрии пораженных участков ткани и иммуноэлектронная микроскопия с антителами к TTR. Выявление у пациента с нефропатией «красных флагов» амилоидоза дает возможность в ряде случаев диагностировать ATTRv-амилоидоз без биопсии, путем секвенирования гена TTR или сцинтиграфии миокарда с 99mТс-пирофосфатом. После установления диагноза амилоидоза необходимо детальное обследование для оценки поражения потенциальных органов-мишеней, что означает ведение пациента с врачами разных специальностей. Ранняя диагностика и применение болезнь-модифицирующих методов лечения способны замедлить прогрессирование нейропатии и кардиомиопатии и предположительно - нефропатии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>ATTR amyloidosis (transthyretin amyloidosis) is a progressive, fatal disease characterized by the accumulation of transthyretin amyloid mainly in the peripheral nervous system (somatic and autonomic) and heart, as well as in the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, eyeballs, and ligaments, which impairs the normal function of organs and systems. The hereditary form of ATTR amyloidosis, or ATTRv amyloidosis, is found all over the world and is characterized by broad genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, resulting in late diagnosis. The kidneys are a potential target organ in ATTRv amyloidosis. Clinically, nephropathy is manifested by albuminuria, proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, or decreased renal function. A nephrologist may be involved in the diagnosis of amyloid nephropathy/ATTRv amyloidosis in a patient with symptoms of renal damage in an endemic region or with a family history of ATTRv amyloidosis, or, more difficult, in the diagnosis of a sporadic case of ATTRv amyloidosis when symptoms of nephropathy were detected in a patient in a non-endemic region without a known family history of amyloidosis. The diagnosis of amyloidosis, especially is sporadic cases, requires the nephrologist to know the specific symptoms, the so-called "red flags" of ATTR amyloidosis that allow suspecting amyloidosis, and methods to confirm the diagnosis. Kidney biopsy in the presence of nephropathy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of amyloidosis. Congo-red staining of biopsy specimens with subsequent visualization of the apple-green birefringence of congophilic masses with polarized light is crucial for histological confirmation of the diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry is used for amyloid typing. The less available method for typing is mass spectrometry of affected tissue. Detection of "red flags" of amyloidosis in a patient with nephropathy makes it possible to diagnose ATTR amyloidosis in some cases without a biopsy, by TTR gene sequencing or myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-pyrophosphate. After amyloidosis is diagnosed, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination for assessing the damage to potential target organs, which requires an interdisciplinary approach. Early diagnosis and disease-modifying therapies can slow the progression of neuropathy and cardiomyopathy, and presumably nephropathy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ATTR-амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>ATTRv-амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>амилоидная нефропатия</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>транстиретиновый амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>наследственный ATTR-амилоидоз</kwd><kwd>ATTR amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>ATTRv amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>transthyretin amyloid nephropathy</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>transthyretin amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>hereditary ATTR amyloidosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лысенко (Козловская) Л.В., Рамеев В.В., Моисеев С.В. Клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению системного амилоидоза. 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