The Role of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure in Children

Abstract

Before the introduction of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), cases of chronic renal failure ( and, often , acute renal failure (ART) among children were invariably fatal. For those under 5 years of age, sur procedures including vascular access and kidney transplantation posed particular problems. Today, CAPD en; children with CRF to survive to an age at which cadaveric kidney transplantation (CKTr) becomes possible. The of the study was to compare the results of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Analysis observation of 165 children aged 10 days to 4 years with ARF and 22 patients with CRF revealed that electrolytes acid-base metabolism return to normal on the third day of both types of dialysis. In contrast to HD treatment, levels drop significantly under PD treatment, while creatinine levels remain relatively stable. PD provides a smoo more gradual normalization of homeostasis, whereas HD treatment is cyclic and leads to sudden circuit fluctuations and changes in intracellular and intercellular fluid volume spaces. Such sharp drops in blood osmol put children at risk for disequilibrium syndrome. When performed on CRF patients, PD better maintains w electrolyte and osmotic balances and thereby preserves residual renal function. Problems in biocompatil membrane do not arise. Furthermore, children under PD grow better than do HD patents. Thus, CAPD is cost-effe and physiologically safe in comparison with HD treatment. It ensures CRF children a higher quality of life.