"Nephrology and Dialysis" has been published since 1999. The journal was initiated by Prof. Natalia Arkadyevna Tomilina, who has been its editor-in-chief from the first day until the present.

From its inception, the journal has served as a primary source of information on the state of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the Russian Federation, regularly publishing analytical reports of the KRT Patient Register. Over the 25 years of its existence, the journal has acquired a broad readership, comprising not only nephrologists and specialists in kidney replacement therapy, but also many physicians of related specialties.

The journal's popularity is evidenced by the growing number of high-quality publications and the growing number of users, not only in Russia but also abroad. Consequently, the number of publications increased from 120 in 2019 to 148 by 2023. Furthermore, the journal achieved the highest two-year RINC impact factor among specialized periodicals in 2023. Additionally, the number of users reached 8,563 by 2023.