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Author Guidelines

Guidelines for authors

1. General rules.

1. The journal ‘Nephrology and Dialysis’ accepts articles on the problems of epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, treatment of kidney diseases, rehabilitation of patients with renal disorders, organization of nephrological care, as well as on problems related to nephrology. Papers may be of a fundamental or practical interest. The journal also accepts educational articles if they are objective, up-to-date and accessible to the target audience.
2. The papers should be of scientific and/or practical value, complete, coherent and integrated.
3. In its editorial policy, the journal adheres to the principles of integrity of publication in scientific journals of the Association of Scientific Editors and Publishers (АНРИ), Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Council of Science Editors (CSE), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), European Medical Writers Association (EMWA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), which set standards of ethical behavior for all parties involved in publication (authors, journal editors, reviewers, publishers and scientific societies).
4. Manuscripts are accepted for consideration only if they are prepared according to the submitted rules.
5. The manuscript of the article is submitted to the Editorial Office through the electronic editorial office account (link to the login/registration page) of the corresponding author. The author who submits the manuscript to the Editorial Board is fully responsible for the content of the material and coordination of the manuscript with co-authors.
6. Manuscripts are accepted for consideration with the cover letter, which should be submitted on a separate sheet and should contain information according to the attached template (in Russian, in English).
   The cover letter serves as an official referral from the institution where the work was done and must be signed by the institution. If the article was written by a team of authors from different institutions, the cover letter is certified by any of them (at the authors' discretion).
7. All materials are checked for plagiarism.
8. Any violation of publication ethics (duplication of publications, data fraud, various forms of falsifications, etc.) may be a reason for retraction of the paper with changes in electronic bibliographic databases of scientific citation.
9. All submitted papers are checked for formal compliance with the general manuscript requirements. In case of approval, they are submitted for review in accordance with the rules of scientific peer-review (reference).
10. The Editorial Board has the right to offer the authors to revise the article and make changes in accordance with the reasoned comments of the reviewers. In the revised version of the article the changes should be highlighted in colour, and the revised version should be accompanied by a separate file containing the authors' responses to the reviewer's/editor's comments. The Editorial Board reserves the right to make editorial/correctional changes that do not alter the essence of the article.
11. The Editorial Board is ready to answer questions and help authors by e-mail (nephro-dial@yandex.ru).

2. Authorship.

1. Each author of a paper must meet all four criteria:
• Substantial contribution to the conception or design of the research or to the derivation, analysis or interpretation of the results;
• Involvement in writing or critical revision of a manuscript draft;
• Final approval of the manuscript as published;
• Accepting responsibility for all aspects of the work and ensuring that any questions about the accuracy and integrity of any part of the work can be adequately investigated and resolved.
2. In addition to taking responsibility for those parts of the work that he/she has carried out, the author should have a full understanding of the nature of the contribution and integrity of all co-authors of the submitted work.
3. Each author should be familiar with and agree in advance with the list and order of authorship of the manuscript before it is sent to the Editor.
4. Persons who do not fulfil all four criteria should be mentioned in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript (indicating their role in the work, if applicable).

3. Article types.

• Reviews and lectures,
• Teaching nephrology,
• Discussion Club,
• Original articles,
• Brief reports and letters to the Editor,
• Clinical observations: case reports and case series,
• Images in nephrology,
• Clinical recommendations and their translations,
• Editorials (e.g. dedicated to World Kidney Day),
• Conference proceedings and abstracts,
• Personalities (anniversaries, obituaries).

4. Manuscript formatting

1. Font Times New Roman, 12 pt.
2. Interline spacing 1,5.
3. All text is aligned to the width.
4. All margins are 2 cm.
5. Paragraph start indent 1.25cm.
6. No additional indents before or after the paragraph.
7. References to all tables and figures should be included in the main text of the article.
8. All tables and figures are listed in the text of the manuscript after the paragraph in which they are first referenced in the text, and are also submitted as separate files (see below).
9. In addition to the usual abbreviations of units of measurement, physical, chemical and mathematical quantities and terms, abbreviations of the most frequently repeated combinations of words in the text are permitted. All abbreviations and acronyms introduced by the authors should be deciphered in the text the first time they are used. Common medical abbreviations (examples: CKD, GFR, HF) do not need to be deciphered.
10. Pages are numbered consecutively from the title page.
11. Word count (including title page, abstract, tables, figures and their captions, list of references):
• Reviews and lectures - no more than 10,000 words (recommended),
• Teaching nephrology - no more than 8,000 words (recommended),
• Discussion Club - no more than 1,500 words (recommended),
• Original research - no more than 8,000 words (recommended),
• Brief reports and letters to the editor - no more than 1,000 words,
• Clinical observations: case reports and case series – no more than 4,000 words,
• Images in nephrology – 1-2 pictures (may be a collage of several pictures), up to 600 words, excluding references, number of references - no more than 6.
12. Highlights in the text can be made only in italics or bold, but not underlined. All repetitive spaces and unnecessary line breaks should be removed from the text.

5. General text structure:

• title page (see item 6)
• abstract (see item 7) (except for «Images in nephrology»),
• key words in Russian and English,
• main text of the article,
• data on the approval of the study by an independent ethics committee (for case reports, information on the patient's consent to the publication of clinical information and images),
• data on registration of the study in public registries (if applicable),
• funding source information (if applicable),
• conflict of interest statement,
• authors' contributions (if there are co-authors),
• authors' information,
• supplementary materials,
• data access statement (if applicable),
• references

6. Title page formatting.

1. Information is provided in Russian and English according to the template:
• title of the article, last names and initials of the author(s), full name of the institution(s) with mandatory indication of its status and departmental affiliation, address with index, city and country;
• The official acronym of the organization is provided. You can find the official translation of the name at http://www.eLibrary.ru.
• contact information (corresponding author): full name, contact phone number (if desired), e-mail address (obligatory).
2. Information is presented in consecutive blocks in Russian and English.
3. If authors from different institutions have contributed to the paper, it is necessary to link the names of the institutions and the full names of the authors by adding numerical indices in upper case before the names of the institutions and after the full names of the authors. If all authors of the paper work in the same institution, it is sufficient to indicate the institution once without numerical indices.
4. Article titles should be informative and as brief as possible.
5. At the end of the article title, it is desirable to briefly characterise the type of publication (e.g. literature review, lecture, prospective cohort study, case series, etc.).
6. Avoid abbreviations in article titles. The only exceptions are commonly used ones that have a recognised analogue in English (e.g., aHUS, CKD-MBD, etc.)
7. Titles of publications should not contain professional jargon that has not been translated into English.

7. Abstract.

1. Abstract is a source of information independent of the main text of the article.
2. Abstract should be informative (reflecting the main content of the article and research results) and structured (following the structure of the main text), concise but not too short (250 to 350 words).
3. In general, the structure of an abstract suggests the following sections: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions. Abstracts of review articles can be presented in free text.
4. The abstract is given in Russian, followed by its translation into English. Machine translation into English without checking for grammatical and stylistic flaws and appropriate editing is not allowed.

8. Key words.

1. Specify 3-5 keywords/word combinations.
2. Wherever possible, broad terms should be avoided in favour of more specific terms that are most relevant to the content and conclusions of the paper.
3. Keywords are given in Russian and English after the abstract in the respective language.

9. Main text preparation.

1. The text of reviews, lectures, brief reports and letters to the editor, articles in the “Teaching Nephrology” and “Discussion Club” sections may be presented in any form. However, it should not be limited to the sole mention of certain facts without their critical interpretation. The presentation should be coherent, as structured as possible and should necessarily end with a conclusion(s).
2. When preparing reviews, lectures, and articles in the “Teaching Nephrology” and “Discussion Club” sections, it is desirable to supplement the text with the author's generalizations in the form of tables and graphs (figures).
3. The text of case reports should contain sections:
• Introduction,
• Case description,
• Discussion (recommended),
• Conclusion (or point-to-point conclusions).
4. When preparing reviews and case reports, it is advisable to clearly state the purpose.
5. Structure of the original study:
• Introduction,
• Aim,
• Materials and methods,
• Results,
• Discussion,
• Conclusion (or point-to-point conclusions).
6. The introduction to the original study should consistently lead the reader to the particular clinical question. The presentation should be clear, concise, and free of extended historical introductions or the presentation of well-known facts that are not directly related to the scope of the work.
7. When describing original research, it is strongly recommended to state the main hypothesis ('clinical question') at the end of the introduction, following the principles of the PICO framework (preferred) (available at: https://canberra.libguides.com/c.php?g=599346&p=4149722#s-lg-box-12888072, or at: https://guides.lib.unc.edu/pico/) or others (PEO, SPIDER, SPICE, ECLIPSE, etc., if applicable).
8. The research methodology should be described clearly and in detail so that it can be easily replicated. In all cases, the study design should be described in terms of a common type of design (e.g. "single-centre prospective cohort study", "retrospective cross-sectional study", etc.) and inclusion/non-inclusion/exclusion criteria (if applicable).
9. For randomized studies, the type of randomization (simple, block, stratified, adaptive) should be described.
10. Authors should either clearly define primary and secondary endpoints and how they are assessed, or refer to definitions provided by other authors.
11. It is advisable to indicate whether a sample size calculation was performed or whether it was limited by the amount of clinical material actually available.
12. If the sample size was pre-specified, the endpoint for which it was calculated, the significance threshold, the power, the effect size, the type of main hypothesis tested ("superiority", " non-inferiority", "equivalence"), and the testing direction (one-way, two-way) with margins of superiority, non-inferiority, and equivalence. The study design can be presented as a flowchart.
13. Additional information (flowchart showing the progress of the study, number of patients screened, included or excluded, reason for dropout, etc.) may be provided in the appendix.
14. In the Materials and Methods section, there should be a subsection detailing the statistical methods, including the specific methods used to summarise the data and test hypotheses (if applicable), and the software used and its version (number).
15. Sample characteristics, their descriptive statistics, comparative analysis of groups at baseline, etc. (so-called "Table 1") are given at the beginning of the results section, but not in the Materials and Methods section.
16. SAMPL guidelines for statistical reporting (https://www.equator-network.org/2013/02/11/sampl-guidelines-for-statistical-reporting/) should be followed when describing the methods and results of statistical analyses
17. We draw the authors' attention to the fact that point estimates other than P value, in particular correlation coefficients, OR, RR, IRR, HR, etc., must be accompanied by measures of variability. (for example, “r_S=0,507 [95%CI 0,459; 0,553], P<0,0001”, but not “r_S=0,507, p<0,0001”).
18. Not all statistical terms have a well-established, concise translation into Russian (for example, "hazard ratio", "risk ratio" and "incidence rate ratio" can be translated as "relative risk", but they are completely different estimates). Authors should either use the English term (and its abbreviation) or give readers a clear understanding of the estimates given in the translation.
19. In all cases, except for P values close to zero or one ("P<0.001", "P>0.999"), the exact value should be reported, but not limited to "P<0.05" / "P>0.05".
20. It is recommended to follow generally accepted rules when describing the research design and results:
• observational (epidemiological) studies – STROBE,
• randomized trials – CONSORT,
• non-randomized comparative studies – TREND,
• diagnostic accuracy studies – STARD,
• prognostic models – TRIPOD,
• case reports – CARE,
• description of surgical technic – SUPER,
  For more information and guidelines for other types of studies, please visit the website Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research – EQUATOR network
21. The international non-proprietary name of drugs and medical devices must be indicated. Exceptions are made in cases where the use of trade names is substantially justified. For example, when publishing the results of bioequivalence or therapeutic equivalence studies of drugs, and in cases where the name of equipment (e.g. ultrasound devices) is necessary to understand the nature of the methods used). Exceptions are also made for promotional materials.
22. Where appropriate, when using specific products and medications (dialysis machines, central venous catheters, peritoneal dialysis solutions, etc.), their most important (in the context of the report) characteristics should be specified, and commercial names (and manufacturers' companies) should be avoided. For example: "HD was performed using a dialysis machine with the possibility of automated measurement of vascular access recirculation by thermodilution", "all patients received peritoneal dialysis solution containing 75 g/L icodextrin once a day".
23. Drug doses, units of measurement and other numerical values should be given in the SI system.
24. The description of original research must contain Discussion section, in which the authors describe new and important aspects of the study results and compare them with the data from other studies, if available. Information from previous sections should not be repeated without obvious necessity.
25. The description of original research should include an objective description of limitations, potential sources of bias, and, preferably, the authors' comments on each of them. If there are no explicit limitations, the authors are free to state this.
26. Conclusions (or findings) should be concrete, valid, relevant to the purpose of the study, its results, and the research question.
27. Optionally, the author may add a "Sensitivity Analysis" section to enhance the soundness of the conclusions and objectivity of the paper.

10. Structure of «Images in nephrology» articles.

1. The articles provide a brief clinical observation with emphasis on the diagnostic capabilities of various imaging techniques and highlights of the morphological investigation. The publication assumes a teaching moment and exchange of valuable clinical experience.
2. General rules
• The description is presented consecutively in English and in Russian. The title page and keywords are formatted according to the general rules. No more than five authors are recommended (more than five authors - with special permission of the Editorial Board). The number of words in Russian: up to 600 words (excluding figure captions and references), the number of words in English is determined by the translation.
• Figures should be placed within the text (see below) and submitted as separate files in *.tif or *.jpg format with a minimum resolution of 600 DPI. The recommended maximum number of figures is six, all of the same size, without letter designations within them (more than six figures are allowed after additional agreement with the Editorial Board). Figures are labelled in the text with English letters (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D). Figure captions (in Russian and English) - at the discretion of the authors. Number of references - up to five.
3. Sequence of presentation of material
• Illustrative material
• Presentation in English with sections: Introduction, Clinical case, Conclusion. Informed patient consent for publication of clinical information and images was obtained. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Author's contribution. Author’s information
• Presentation in Russian with the following sections: Introduction. Clinical observation. Conclusion. Consent to the publication of clinical information and illustrative material. Conflict of interest statement. Authors' contribution. Author’s information
• References

11. Tables and figures.

1. The number of tables and figures should be essential.
2. Tables and figures supplement the text and are intended to facilitate the understanding of information. They should not duplicate the information in the text.
3. Photographs should be contrasting; figures, graphs and charts should be clear.
4. Tables and figures are numbered with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text, are included in the text of the article, and are also provided in the form of separate files: all tables in one *.docx file, figures in separate files.
5. Graphs and diagrams can be presented as vectors in the following file formats: *.xlsx, *.pptx, *.vsdx, *.pdf.
6. When using bitmap images (e.g. photos), the acceptable formats are *.png, *.tiff, *.bmp, *.jpg, *.jpeg with a minimum resolution of 600 DPI.
7. The method of staining and magnification is indicated in the captions of micrographs illustrating histological studies.
8. Referring to tables and figures fits neatly into the narrative (e.g. "As Figure 1 shows...", "Table 1 shows that...", etc.).
9. Table titles and figure captions, as well as the deciphering of abbreviations used in tables and figures, should be presented in Russian and English - see example (ссылка на файлы). Figures from cited sources may only be used with the written permission of the authors of the publication and/or the copyright holders.
10. Graphs must have axis labels with units of measurement (if applicable).
11. Descriptive statistics used: measures of central tendency (arithmetic mean, geometric mean, median, etc.), variability (standard deviation, first and third quartile limits, 95% confidence interval, minimum and maximum, etc.), rates (absolute value, percentage, number of episodes per 1000 patient-days, etc.) should be reported in tables and figures in the body of the article or table note, caption - see examples (ссылка на файлы).
12. Multiple images combined into a single figure should be identified by a letter ("A", "B", "C", etc.) with a mandatory description of what they show in a common caption.

12. Approval of the study by an independent ethics committee.

1. For original research publications, the date, protocol number and name of the independent ethics committee and the name of the relevant organisation that approved the research must be provided.

2. Information is provided in Russian and English.

Пример.

The study was approved by the local independent ethical committee in Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute ("MONIKI"), protocol #5 of May 25, 2018.

3. For case reports, information about the patient's consent to the publication of clinical information and images should be included.

Пример.

Informed patient consent for publication of clinical information and images was obtained.

13. Registration of the study in open registries

If the trial was registered in an open trial registry (ClinicalTrials, PROSPERO, etc.), the registration number must be provided.

Пример.

The study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03937349.

14. Source of funding (if applicable).

1. It is necessary to indicate in Russian and English the source of funding of both the scientific work and the process of publication of the article (foundation, commercial or state organization, private person, etc.). It is not necessary to specify the amount of funding. If there is no source of funding, the following statement should be used: « The study was performed without external funding.».
2. If there is an external source of funding (related to the organization where the authors work), it is necessary to indicate the funding foundation and grant identifier in Russian and English.

15. Conflict of interests.

1. Authors must disclose all potential and apparent financial and personal relationships that have influenced or may have influenced their work.
2. The presence of a conflict of interest on one or more authors is not a reason for rejecting an article for publication. Concealment of potential and apparent conflicts of interest may be a reason for rejection of a manuscript for peer review and publication.
3. All authors' conflicts of interest must be declared.
4. If there is no conflict of interest, the following should be stated:
   «The authors declare no conflict of interests»

16. Author’s contribution.

1. Indicate each author's significant contributions to the manuscript in Russian and English. All authors must approve the final version of the manuscript and accept responsibility for all aspects of the work. Individuals who do not meet all the authorship criteria should be mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.
2. An abbreviated form of the author's full name should be used when describing the author's contribution.
3. Significant author contributions may include:

• conception and design of a research,
• supervision/coordination of the research,
• data collection, analysis and interpretation,
• statistical analysis,
• drafting/editing the manuscript,
• Advice on specific issues in the research, etc.

Пример.

ZAB – study concept and design, statistical analysis, supervision, manuscript editing. PEV – critical analysis and editing of the manuscript text. FNM – study coordination, data collection, manuscript writing and editing. SVA – study coordination, data collection and control, manuscript editing. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

17. Author’s information.

1. Full names, academic degrees, positions, ORCIDs and email addresses of all authors are provided in Russian.
2. In English, full names of all authors, ORCID and email address should be provided.

Пример.

Zakharova Elena Viktorovna – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-7549, e-mail: helena.zakharova@gmail.com

Zykova Anastasia Sergeevna – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7674-8643, e-mail: ansezy@gmail.com

18. Supplementary materials (appendices).

1. Supplementary materials are intended to complement the main text of the article, to facilitate its understanding, and to provide a holistic overview of all aspects of the study without introducing fundamentally new information.
2. Considering that articles may be distributed not only as a link to the journal's website, but also in *.pdf format or in paper form, supplementary materials will be given as a link to the electronic resource placed on the journal's website before the list of references.
3. Supplementary materials are published online only.
4. References to tables and figures are integrated neatly into the narrative (e.g. "As shown in Figure S1...", "Table S1 shows that...", etc.).
5. Supplementary materials (tables, figures) are included in a single *.pdf file.
6. Authors may submit videos as supplementary material. Acceptable formats are *.avi, *.mov, *.mp4.

19. Data access.

1. Authors of original papers are encouraged to specify the conditions for access to raw data.
2. If anonymized source data has been uploaded to the repository, this should be stated and an appropriate identifier provided.

Пример.

The raw data can be provided upon a reasoned request sent to the corresponding author.

Instructions for bibliography preparation

General rules

Bibliographies are compiled considering Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. A correct description of the sources used in the reference lists is a guarantee that the cited publication will be taken into account in the evaluation of the scientific activity of its authors and the organizations they work for.

Sources cited should be up-to-date, authoritative, objective and comprehensive. The main criteria are context relevance and strong evidence of a fact. References should be to primary sources; cross-citation is not permitted. Each scientific fact should be accompanied by a source reference. If several scientific facts are mentioned in a sentence or paragraph, each should be followed by a reference (not at the end of the sentence or paragraph). Self-citation should be justified.

Completeness and correctness of citations are checked by reviewers and editors. The presence of incorrect references or incomplete citations may lead to rejection of the article or its return for major revision.

The reader should be able to identify the source accurately as quoted. References to unpublished papers are not allowed, except for official preprints ("in press"). References to dissertations, abstracts, conference proceedings and other materials that do not have a unique identifier (DOI, ISBN, patent number, repository identifier, registry identifier, etc.) should be avoided. The name of the identifier and its code are separated by a colon and a space («DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.12.001», «eISBN: 978-3-030-16368-6»).

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of citations (including DOI numbers) and therefore the possibility of their correct automatic recognition by citation databases. In addition to the journal's website, it is possible to check the presence of a DOI and any details of the citation of an article, such as title translation, on the following website: https://search.crossref.org/.

An incorrectly formatted reference list may be grounds for a return for revision.

References formatting rules

In the reference list, all works are listed in the order of citation. All referred works should be presented in the reference list after the main text of the article. Bibliographic references in the text of the article are given by a number in square brackets: [1], and [1, 2, 3] is abbreviated to [1-3]. In the list of references, the sources are indicated as: "1. ....", "2. ...". No dot is placed at the end of the source description. When indicating pages, the whole range ("416-429", but not "416-29") is given.

In all cases, authors are indicated according to the following principles:

• 1-4 authors - all authors are indicated,
• 5 or more authors - the first three authors et al./and co-authors are indicated,
• no comma is placed before et al./and co-authors,
• authors' names are indicated in the following style: Surname N(ame)P(atronymic) (without space and dot between N and P).

Bibliographic lists are part of the English-language block of the article and, accordingly, should be given not only in the original language, but also in the Romance alphabet (in Latin letters).

The description of English sources is given in the native language – example 1.

Sources in Russian are given in two versions: in the original language, after - in English: if there is a translation in the original data, the translation is given; if no, the transliteration is given. To obtain an official English translation, please visit http://www.eLibrary.ru or the website of the journal/publisher where the paper was published. Surnames, authors' names, publishers' names (in the absence of an official English title) are transliterated. Transliteration follows the BGN standard (https://translit.ru/ru/bgn/). The original language reference and its transliteration are placed in a paragraph under a number. The English description block is enclosed in square brackets - examples 2 and 3.

Works in a language other than English or Russian are given in English if there is a translation in the original language in the article's original data, otherwise in its original language. To obtain an official translation into English, please visit http://www.nlm.nih.gov or the website of the journal/publisher. The description of the article (in the original language or in translation) is enclosed in square brackets - example 4.

At the end of the source bibliographical description, the original language is given in brackets: (in Russian), (in Italian) or other.

When describing non-English works, the DOI (if available) is given once at the end.

Articles.

1. Saleh MA, El Kilany WM, Keddis VW, El Said TW. Effect of high flow arteriovenous fistula on cardiac function in hemodialysis patients. Egypt Heart J. 2018;70(4):337-341. DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2018.10.007
2. Никитина ТП, Паршина ЕВ, Толкач АД и соавт. Апробация применения серии опросников для комплексной оценки зуда и его влияния на качество жизни у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек, находящихся на гемодиализе. Нефрология и диализ. 2023;25(4):527-540. [Nikitina TP, Parshina EV, Tolkach AD et al. Approbation of a series of questionnaires for comprehensive assessment of pruritus and its impact on quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving hemodialysis. Nephrologу and Dialуsis. 2023;25(4):527-540] DOI: 10.28996/2618-9801-2023-4-527-540 (In Russian)
3. Зубкин МЛ. Вирусные гепатиты. Особенности в условиях заместительной терапии хронической почечной недостаточности. Нефрология и диализ. 1999;1(1):1-12. [Zubkin ML. Virusnye gepatity. Osobennosti v usloviyakh zamestitel'noy terapii khronicheskoy pochechnoy nedostatochnosti. Nefrologiya i dializ. 1999;1(1):1-12] (In Russian)
4. Gueye S, Gauthier M, Benyahia R et al. [Nephropathy associated with monoclonal immunoglobulins: From clonal expansion B to renal toxicity of pathological immunoglobulins. Nephrol Ther]. 2022;18(7):591-603. DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2022.10.002 (In French)

Books

If the book is digitally published, DOI and ISBN or eISBN are given. Translators, editors are ignored. The translation of the publisher's name is given if it is presented on the official website, otherwise transliteration is given. In case of quoting a book with different editions, ", 2nd ed." is indicated. / ", 2nd ed."

When describing non-English books, ISBN is specified once at the end.

1. Krickeberg K, Pham VT, Pham TMH. Epidemiology. Key to Public Health, 2nd ed. Publisher «Springer Cham». 2019. eISBN: 978-3-030-16368-6. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16368-6
2. Прокопенко ЕИ, Ватазин АВ, Щербакова ЕО. Инфекционные осложнения после трансплантации почки. Издательство «У Никитских ворот». 2010. [Prokopenko EI, Vatazin AV, Shcherbakova EO. Infektsionnye oslozhneniya posle transplantatsii pochki. Publisher «U Nikitskikh vorot». 2010] ISBN: 978-5-91366-224-8 (in Russian)
3. Ronco C. [Emodialisi. Publisher «Piccin Nuova Libraria S.p.A.» 2022] ISBN: 978-88-299-3218-4 (in Italian)

When citing a section of a book, only the authors of the section are listed; the authors of the book (as well as editors and translators) are ignored. In addition, the title of the whole book and the page of the section are given. If a book chapter is cited without mentioning the chapter authors, the book authors are given (before the section title).

4. Каюков ИГ, Антонова ТВ. Острое повреждение почек при лептоспирозе в книге Острое повреждение почек. Издательство «Медицинское информационное агентство». 2015. С.416-429. [Kayukov IG, Antonova TV. Ostroe povrezhdenie pochek pri leptospiroze v knige Ostroe povrezhdenie pochek. Publisher «Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo». 2015. P.416-429] ISBN: 978-5-9986-0228-3 (in Russian)

Online resources.

Authors (if any) are ignored. If available, DOI is given.

1. Nephro.ru [Internet]. Заместительная терапия терминальной хронической почечной недостаточности В Российской Федерации 2014-2018 гг. Отчет по данным Общероссийского Регистра заместительной почечной терапии Российского диализного общества. Доступно по ссылке: https://nephro.ru/index.php?r=site/pageView&id=298. Дата обращения 4 февраля 2024. [Nephro.ru [Internet]. Kidney replacement therapy for end Stage Kidney disease in Russian Federation, 2014-2018. Russian National Kidney Replacement Therapy Registry Report of Russian Public Organization of Nephrologists «Russian Dialysis Society». Available at: https://nephro.ru/index.php?r=site/pageView&id=298]. Accessed February 4, 2024 (In Russian)
2. KDIGO.org [Internet]. KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Glomerular Diseases. Available at: https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/KDIGO-2021-Glomerular-Diseases-Guideline_English_LN-2024-Update.pdf. Accessed February 4, 2024

Rules for citing other sources

Inventions and patents.

The official translation of the invention title can be found on https://www.fips.ru/.

1. Франано ФН. Заявка на изобретение. Система и способ увеличения наружного диаметра вен. 2021. Российская Федерация. RU 2021100869. [Franano FN. Patent application. System and method for increasing the external diameter of veins. 2021. Russia. RU 2021100869] (In Russian)

Legislative and regulatory acts.

In case of reference to a law (or other official document), its edition and dates of publication should be given. If there is online access to the document, it is possible to cite it as an electronic resource with a link and the date of reference. One should avoid referring to the "Consultant+", "Garant" databases, etc.

The official English translation of the International Technical Standard title can be found at the following link: https://www.gost.ru/portal/gost/home/standarts/catalognational.

1. Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 24 сентября 2013 г. № 842 «О порядке присуждения ученых степеней» (вместе с «Положением о присуждении ученых степеней»). [Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 24 sentyabrya 2013 g. № 842 «O poryadke prisuzhdeniya uchenykh stepeney» (vmeste s «Polozheniem o prisuzhdenii uchenykh stepeney»] (in Russian)
2. ГОСТ Р 7.0.11-2011. Система стандартов по информации, библиотечному и издательскому делу. Диссертация и автореферат диссертации. Структура и правила оформления. [GOST R 7.0.11-2011. System of standards on information, librarianship and publishing. Dissertation and dissertation abstract. Structure and rules of presentation] (in Russian)

Conference proceedings.

Conference proceedings published in journals are cited as articles, with a DOI if available, but no reference (URL). When preparing articles, we recommend not to use conference papers without a DOI.

Only abstracts published in the conference proceedings but not in the journal or its supplement are described as follows. The title, year and location of the conference (city, country), "; Conference Proceedings" / "; Abstract Book" are given. A link [URL] to the proceedings is given, if available. If a reference is given, the date of the reference is provided.

1. Diamandopoulos AA. The transnationalism of nephrological treatises during the Middle Ages. IX Congress of the International Association for the History of Nephrology. 2015, Milazzo, Italy; Abstract book. P.31. Available at: https://www.iahn.info/abstract-book/. Accessed February 4, 2024
2. Рыбак ИЯ, Рыбак ОЕ. Отдаленные последствия острого пиелонефрита у любителей подледной рыбалки. ХХ ежегодная конференция с международным участием «Охота и рыбалка», 2022; Материалы конференции. C.16-17. Москва, Россия. [Rybak IYa, Rybak OE. Otdalennye posledstviya ostrogo pielonefrita u lyubiteley podlednoy rybalki. ХХ ezhegodnaya konferentsiya s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Okhota i rybalka». 2022, Moscow, Russia; Abstract book. P.16-17] (in Russian)

Theses and Thesis Abstracts.

We recommend that theses and thesis abstracts are not used in the preparation of articles.

1. Столяревич ЕС. Диссертация на соискание ученой степени доктора мед. наук. Хроническая дисфункция трансплантированной почки: морфологическая картина, особенности течения, подходы к профилактике и лечению. 2010. [Stolyarevich ES. Dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni doktora med. nauk. Khronicheskaya disfunktsiya transplantirovannoy pochki: morfologicheskaya kartina, osobennosti techeniya, podkhody k profilaktike i lecheniyu. 2010] (In Russian)
2. Столяревич ЕС. Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени доктора мед. наук. Хроническая дисфункция трансплантированной почки: морфологическая картина, особенности течения, подходы к профилактике и лечению. 2010. [Stolyarevich ES. Avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni doktora med. nauk. Khronicheskaya disfunktsiya transplantirovannoy pochki: morfologicheskaya kartina, osobennosti techeniya, podkhody k profilaktike i lecheniyu. 2010] (In Russian)

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The manuscripts are accepted if has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

2. The materials should be prepared in a format OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or World Perfect.

3. Internet links are provided as a complete URL. 

4. Text should be typed with an interval of one and a half line spacing, font Times New Roman, 12 pt; to highlight the accents it is recommended to use italics rather than underlining (except Internet links). All images, graphics and tables are placed within the text according to the meaning of the particular part of text  (and not at the end of the document).

5. Text should follow the stylistic and bibliography requirements as stated in  Regulations  located in the Part "About Us." 

6. Please, remove the authors' names from the title of the article and other parts of the document to ensure the  anonymity of reviewing.

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