The function profile of γδТ-lymphocytes in patients with IgA-nephropathy

An actual challenge of current nephrology and immunology is the identification of new biomarkers that can be used as the potential key pathogenetic targets for monitoring, predicting, and effective treatment of IgA-nephropathy. The role of B-lymphocytes and αβТ-helpers in IgA-nephropathy immunopathogenesis is well studied. A promising direction is the investigation of mechanisms of non-classical γδТ-lymphocytes involvement, the effector role of which has been demonstrated in many autoimmune diseases. The aim of the work was to assess the phenotypic and functional characteristics of γδT-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with IgA-nephropathy. Materials and methods. The material of the study was the peripheral venous blood of 27 patients with IgA-nephropathy, which was confirmed by histological examination of biopsies using the Oxford classification (MEST-C). Phenotypic and functional markers of peripheral blood lymphoid cells were identified by the flow cytometry method. The data were processed using the Statistica 8.0 software. Results. The increase in the γδT-lymphocytes number (p<0.01) with a predominant cytotoxic CD8+CD56+CD314+ phenotype was established in association with the expansion of effector memory γδT-cells percentage (p<0.05) in peripheral blood of patients with IgA-nephropathy compared with healthy donors. The level of the killer receptor CD314 expression on γδT-cells correlated with the glomerular filtration rate under 60 ml/min (R= -0.62, p<0.01). It was shown that predominantly in patients with a high level of proteinuria (>500 mg/day) the number of effector memory γδT-cells exceeded their number in the group of patients with a low risk of progressive decline in renal function (p<0.05) and correlated with the severity of renal tissue morphological damage, in particular, mesangial proliferation (R=0.60; p<0.01) and segmental glomerulosclerosis (R=0.61; p<0.01). Conclusion. The functional profile of γδТ-lymphocytes can be used as a biomarker of the high risk of IgA-nephropathy progression as well as a therapeutic target for the subsequent development of specific immune-correction therapy.

IgA-нефропатия, гломерулонефрит, γδТ-лимфоциты, проточная цитофлуориметрия, диагностика, патогенез, иммунология, IgA-nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, γδT-lymphocytes, flow cytometry, diagnostics, pathogenesis, immunology

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