Multiple myeloma in Baikal region: frequency of kidney involvement and risk factors of kidney dysfunction

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of kidney disease in multiple myeloma (MM) patients in Baikal region and to determinate the independent predictors of renal insufficiency (RI) and its progression. 102 patients with multiple myeloma were examined. Forms, stage, degree of risk, immunochemical variants and MM course, β₂ blood microglobulin, SRB were determined. Kidney function was examined at the moment of disease diagnostics and during treatment: serum creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by Cockcroft-Gault formula, were examined. At the moment of MM diagnostics 32% of all patients have had kidney dysfunction, 63% of all patients have had GFR < 29 ml per min. The highest MM frequency with RI in debut of disease fall at the age of 60-69 years, women prevail. The majority of RI patients in debut of disease have III stage of MM (47% of all), progressing course (47% of all), high degree of risk (50% of all), BJ variant (44% of all). BJ λ (57%) prevails among BJ variant. The majority of patients with RI in debut of disease had Hb < 85 g/l. 59% of all patients had high level of СRB, 56% had increase of β₂ microglobulin. Conclusion : High risk of kidney dysfunction take place while revealing III stage of MM with progressive course, high degree of risk of MM progression, BJ λ variant, anemia with Hb < 85 g/l and with increasing of СRB.