Согласование определений и классификации острой и хронической болезни почек: отчет о консенсусной конференции KDIGO (инициативы по улучшению глобальных исходов болезней почек)

Болезни почек являются важной проблемой общественного здравоохранения. Как острому повреждению почек (ОПП), так и хронической болезни почек (ХБП) даны четкие определения и созданы классификации, что привело к улучшению качества исследований и разработке стратегий ведения пациентов и соответствующих рекомендаций. Однако остается пробел в исследованиях, рекомендациях и оказании помощи пациентам с нарушениями функции и/или структуры почек, которые не соответствуют ни определению ОПП, ни определению ХБП. Для решения этой проблемы предложена новая концепция и введен термин "острые болезни и расстройства почек", впоследствии сокращенный до "острая болезнь почек" (ОБП). Чтобы расширить и согласовать существующие определения и, в конечном счете, предоставить больше информации для проведения исследований и для клинической практики, Инициатива по улучшению глобальных Исходов болезней почек (KDIGO) созвала Консенсусную конференцию. Многочисленные приглашенные специалисты со всего мира, являющиеся исследователями и экспертами в области как острых, так и хронических болезней почек, встретились виртуально, чтобы изучить существующие данные и обсудить ключевые концепции, связанные с ОБП. Несмотря на некоторые оставшиеся нерешенными вопросы, участники конференции достигли общего согласия по определению и классификации ОБП, стратегии ведения пациентов и приоритетным направлениями исследований. ОБП определяется как нарушения функции и/или структуры почек в течение ≤3-х месяцев, имеющие последствия для здоровья. ОБП может включать ОПП, но, что более важно, также включает нарушения функции почек, которые не столь серьезны, как ОПП или развиваются в течение периода >7 дней. Всегда следует искать причину(ы) ОБП, кроме того, классификация включает функциональные и структурные параметры. Ведение ОБП в настоящее время основано на эмпирических соображениях. Предлагается мощная исследовательская программа, чтобы обеспечить уточнение и валидацию определений и систем классификации и, тем самым, оценку вмешательств и стратегий.

острая болезнь почек, острое повреждение почек, хроническая болезнь почек, классификация, оценка, ведение, стадии, acute kidney disease, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, classification, evaluation, management, staging

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