The object of the study was to investigate the influence of a low-protein diet (LPD) supplemented by Ketosteril or a soya-protein isolate SUPRO 760 on biochemical parameters of blood serum, arterial blood pressure and hypertrophy of left ventricular myocardium in rats with experimental renal failure. The study was performed on Wistar male rats undergone nephrectomy (5/6 of kidney mass). In two weeks after the second stage of operation all rats were classified into four groups. The first group received a standard diet for 6 weeks (20,16% of animal protein), the second group got a low-protein diet with 10% of Ketosteril (and 90% of vegetable food), the third group was on 10% of soya-protein isolate SUPRO 760 (and 90% of vegetable food), while the control false-operated rats received standard diet. Use of LPD supplemented by Ketosteril or soy-been protein isolate was shown to decrease the severity of uremia, phosphatemia and prevent the development of hypocalcemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats with renal failure. Ketosteril had more marked renoprotective effect compared to soy-been protein. The different variants of LPD also provide a cardioprotective effect decreasing the severity of the left ventricular hypertrophy and promoting normal values of arterial pressure. Besides, the diet containing Ketosteril had some advantage as it regulated mean values of arterial pressure and heart rate in rats after nephrectomy. It should be noted that quantitatively and qualitatively balanced low-protein diet used for a prolonged period is safe and does not result in development of protein-calorie deficiency in experimental rats.

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between renal dysfunction, anemia and cardiac function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods. 112 patients 65 years old or older (F 71, M 41, mean age - 76,8 ± 5,1 years) with chronic heart failure I-IV class (NYHA) were studied. Anemia was defined by the World Health Organization criteria (hemoglobin level <130 g/l for men and <120 g/l for women). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula. Results. GFR was below 60 ml/min/1,73 m² in 43 (38,4%) patients; 31 (27,7%) patients had anemia. GFR below 60 ml/min/1,73 m² and cardio-renal-anemia syndrome was found in 21 (18,8%) patients with CHF. GFR was higher in patients with I-II NYHA class than in patients with III-IV class (82,5 ± 28,5 и 62,4 ± 19,1 ml/min/1,73 m²; respectively, p < 0,001). Hemoglobin was higher in patients with I-II class of CHF than in patients with III-IV class (132,4 ± 12,9 и 125,2 ± 12,7 g/l; respectively, p < 0,01). A positive correlation was found between GFR and hemoglobin concentration (r = 0,3; p < 0,01). Ejection fraction of left ventricular was <45% in 17 (15,2%) patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy was detected in 103 (92,0%) patients. Multiple regression analysis showed independent positive relationship between GFR and relaxation time of left ventricular. A negative correlation between hemoglobin concentration and peak-E velocity was found. Conclusions. The disturbances of diastolic filling of left ventricle in elderly patients with chronic heart failure are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, renal dysfunction, anemia and arterial hypertension.

In this study an efficacy of Mycophenolate Mofetil in 20 children (8 with steroid-dependent and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, 5 with chronic glomerulonephritis of nephritic type, 6 with Genoch-Shoenlein nephritis and 1 with lupus-nephritis) was assessed. Treatment with Mycophenolate Mofetil was more efficient in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. It was also effective in children with chronic nephritic syndrome and Genoch-Shoenlein nephritis.

An analysis of regional specificity of children disability with urinary tract diseases was performed. The analysis was based on governmental statistics of Samaras region in 1999-2003. An increase in the number of disable children in 1999-2001 and a decrease in the next two years were found. As much as 74% of disable children had innate pathology. The highest disability rates were found among children of age 5-8 and 14-15 years. A need of nephro-protective strategy from antenatal period is revealed.

Isolated hematuria in hereditary nephropathies is characterized on the basis of literature data and our own experience. An attention was focused on the thin basement membrane disease (TBMD) and the Alport syndrome because these diseases have different prognosis. It is pointed out that TBMD could be a predisposition factor in the development of immune glomerulopathies. Preliminary results of therapy of the Alport syndrome with ACE-inhibitors are presented